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The causes are varied, and may be inflammatory, degenerative, or neoplastic. [2] In adults, healthy lymph nodes can be palpable (able to be felt), in the axilla, neck and groin. [ 3 ] In children up to the age of 12 cervical nodes up to 1 cm in size may be palpable and this may not signify any disease. [ 4 ]
Infectious lymphadenitis affecting lymph nodes in the neck is often called scrofula. Lymphadenopathy is a common and nonspecific sign. Common causes include infections (from minor causes such as the common cold and post-vaccination swelling to serious ones such as HIV/AIDS), autoimmune diseases, and cancer.
The classical histologic pattern of scrofula features caseating granulomas with central acellular necrosis (caseous necrosis) surrounded by granulomatous inflammation with multinucleated giant cells. Although tuberculous and non tuberculosis lymphadenitis are morphologically identical, the pattern is somewhat distinct from other causes of ...
Neck pain causes can be anything from sleeping in an uncomfortable position to serious neurological concerns. Experts explain causes, diagnosis, and treatments.
Mediastinitis is inflammation of the tissues in the mid-chest, or mediastinum. It can be either acute or chronic. It is thought to be due to four different etiologies: [1] direct contamination; hematogenous or lymphatic spread; extension of infection from the neck or retroperitoneum; extension from the lung or pleura
Cervical adenitis is an inflammation of a lymph node in the neck. Tuberculous adenitis ( scrofula ) is a tuberculous infection of the skin of the neck caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis . Non-tuberculous adenitis can also be caused by Mycobacterium scrofulaceum or Mycobacterium avium .
Meningitis is acute or chronic inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, collectively called the meninges. [10] The most common symptoms are fever, intense headache, vomiting and neck stiffness and occasionally photophobia. [1]
Laryngitis is inflammation of the larynx (voice box). [1] Symptoms often include a hoarse voice and may include fever, cough, pain in the front of the neck, and trouble swallowing. [1] [2] Typically, these last under 2 weeks. [1]
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