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Optical chemical structure recognition (OCSR) is the translation of images that depict chemical structure information into machine-readable formats. [1] It addresses the challenge of translating chemical structures from graphical representations into their corresponding chemical formulas.
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F-center in an NaCl crystal. An F-center or color center or Farbe center (from the original German Farbzentrum, where Farbe means color and zentrum means center) is a type of crystallographic defect in which an anionic vacancy in a crystal lattice is occupied by one or more unpaired electrons.
Molecule builder-editor for Windows, Linux, Unix, and macOS. All source code is licensed under the GNU General Public License (GPL) version 2. Supported languages include: Chinese, English, French, German, Italian, Russian, Spanish, and Polish. Supports multi-threaded rendering and computation.
Atomic, molecular, and optical physics (AMO) is the study of matter–matter and light–matter interactions, at the scale of one or a few atoms [1] and energy scales around several electron volts. [ 2 ] : 1356 [ 3 ] The three areas are closely interrelated.
Optical systems can be folded using plane mirrors; the system is still considered to be rotationally symmetric if it possesses rotational symmetry when unfolded. Any point on the optical axis (in any space) is an axial point. Rotational symmetry greatly simplifies the analysis of optical systems, which otherwise must be analyzed in three ...
Below optical frequencies (that is, at microwave and radio frequencies), the spectrum analyzer is a closely related electronic device. Spectrometers are used in many fields. For example, they are used in astronomy to analyze the radiation from objects and deduce their chemical composition.
An object that cannot be superimposed on its mirror image is said to be chiral, and optical rotatory dispersion and circular dichroism are known as chiroptical properties. Most biological molecules have one or more chiral centers and undergo enzyme-catalyzed transformations that either maintain or invert the chirality at one or more of these ...