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  2. Pascaline - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pascaline

    He designed the machine to add and subtract two numbers directly and to perform multiplication and division through repeated addition or subtraction. Pascal's calculator was especially successful in the design of its carry mechanism, which adds 1 to 9 on one dial, and carries 1 to the next dial when the first dial changes from 9 to 0. His ...

  3. Arithmometer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arithmometer

    This calculator could add and subtract two numbers directly and perform long multiplications and divisions effectively by using a movable accumulator for the result. Patented in France by Thomas de Colmar in 1820 [1] and manufactured from 1851 [2] to 1915, [3] it became the first commercially successful mechanical calculator. [4]

  4. Mechanical calculator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanical_calculator

    The machine could add and subtract six-digit numbers, and indicated an overflow of this capacity by ringing a bell. The adding machine in the base was primarily provided to assist in the difficult task of adding or multiplying two multi-digit numbers. To this end an ingenious arrangement of rotatable Napier's bones were mounted on it.

  5. Calculator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calculator

    Pascal's calculator could add and subtract two numbers directly and thus, if the tedium could be borne, multiply and divide by repetition. Schickard's machine, constructed several decades earlier, used a clever set of mechanised multiplication tables to ease the process of multiplication and division with the adding machine as a means of ...

  6. Curta - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curta

    The Curta was conceived by Curt Herzstark in the 1930s in Vienna, Austria.By 1938, he had filed a key patent, covering his complemented stepped drum. [3] [4] This single drum replaced the multiple drums, typically around 10 or so, of contemporary calculators, and it enabled not only addition, but subtraction through nines complement math, essentially subtracting by adding.

  7. Stepped reckoner - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stepped_reckoner

    The machine performs multiplication by repeated addition, and division by repeated subtraction. The basic operation performed is to add (or subtract) the operand number to the accumulator register, as many times as desired (to subtract, the operating crank is turned in the opposite direction). The number of additions (or subtractions) is ...

  8. American Arithmometer Company - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Arithmometer_Company

    In 1911 there were 78 Burroughs models ranging in price from $175 to $850 and Burroughs introduced its Burroughs Class 3 visible adding machines based on the Pike design. Also in 1911, Burroughs introduced a key-driven calculator that looked very much like a Felt & Tarrant Comptometer. In 1912, the Burroughs Calculator was $150.

  9. Comptometer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comptometer

    The Comptometer was the first commercially successful key-driven mechanical calculator, patented in the United States by Dorr Felt in 1887.. A key-driven calculator is extremely fast because each key adds or subtracts its value to the accumulator as soon as it is pressed and a skilled operator can enter all of the digits of a number simultaneously, using as many fingers as required, making ...