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In geomorphology, a pluvial refers to a geologic episode, change, process, deposit, or feature that is the result of the action or effects of rain. Sometimes, it also refers to the fluvial action of rainwater flowing in a stream channel, including a flood, known as a pluvial flood, that is the direct result of excessive precipitation. [1] [2]
There are several types of urban flooding, each with a different cause. City planners distinguish pluvial flooding (flooding caused by heavy rain), fluvial flooding (caused by a nearby river overflowing its banks), or coastal flooding (often caused by storm surges). Urban flooding is a hazard to both the population and infrastructure.
Pluvial, which is (almost) purely based on seasonal rainfall and not on snow. A peak is usually in winter, although it can occur at any point along the year. If it occurs in the time of monsoons, it is sometimes called tropical pluvial. Nivo-pluvial, with a nival peak in late spring and a pluvial peak in the fall. The main minimum is in winter.
Spate irrigation (from the English word spate, meaning: a. a flood or inundation. b. a river flooding its banks) uses seasonal floods of rivers, streams, ponds and lakes to fill water storage basins. It is an ancient method of irrigation in arid and semi-arid climates in the Middle East, North Africa, West Asia, East Africa and parts of Latin ...
Diluvium was initially argued to have been deposited by the action of extraordinary floods of vast extent, specifically the Noachian Flood. [1] [2] In 1822 and 1823, William Buckland published the term diluvium in his monograph Reliquiae Diluvianae [3] and in G. A. Mantel’s monograph about the geology and paleontology of the county of Sussex. [4]
Image credits: Kayla Seymour / Facebook Blindness can affect humans and animals alike. Some may be born blind, and others can develop it due to disease and simply old age, or may even be blinded ...
One is a flash flood watch, which means that conditions are favorable for flash flooding, and the other is a flash flood warning, meaning that a flash flood is occurring or one will occur imminently and is usually issued when there are strong weather radar echoes for an area that is prone to flash flooding. [2]
Oxford University Press is celebrating the 20th anniversary of its lexicographers naming an English-language word or expression that reflects the world during the last 12 months. “Looking back ...