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The rate of reinforcement for fixed-ratio schedules is easy to calculate, as reinforcement rate is directly proportional to response rate and inversely proportional to ratio requirement (Killeen, 1994). The schedule feedback function is therefore: =.
In the adaptive control literature, the learning rate is commonly referred to as gain. [2] In setting a learning rate, there is a trade-off between the rate of convergence and overshooting. While the descent direction is usually determined from the gradient of the loss function, the learning rate determines how big a step is taken in that ...
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If R 1 and R 2 are the rate of responses on two schedules that yield obtained (as distinct from programmed) rates of reinforcement Rf 1 and Rf 2, the strict matching law holds that the relative response rate R 1 / (R 1 + R 2) matches, that is, equals, the relative reinforcement rate Rf 1 / (Rf 1 + Rf 2).
Learn how muscle memory works, how long it takes to develop, and why it’s crucial for fitness. Plus, tips to train smarter and build strength and muscle faster.
The discussion resulted in a single equation to determine a coefficient vector which minimizes the cost function. In this section we want to derive a recursive solution of the form
Another possible reason for the success of batch normalization is that it decouples the length and direction of the weight vectors and thus facilitates better training. By interpreting batch norm as a reparametrization of weight space, it can be shown that the length and the direction of the weights are separated and can thus be trained separately.
Here’s how to get rid of chest congestion medically and naturally, according to experts.