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Vernier acuity (from the term "vernier scale", named after astronomer Pierre Vernier) is a type of visual acuity – more precisely of hyperacuity – that measures the ability to discern a disalignment among two line segments or gratings. A subject's vernier (IPA: / ˈ v ɜːr n ɪər /) acuity is the smallest visible offset between the ...
The use of the vernier scale is shown on a vernier caliper which measures the internal and the external diameters of an object. The vernier scale is constructed so that it is spaced at a constant fraction of the fixed main scale. So for a vernier with a constant of 0.1, each mark on the vernier is spaced 9/10 of those on the main scale.
The datum may be permanently fixed or the height gauge may have provision to adjust the scale, this is done by sliding the scale vertically along the body of the height gauge by turning a fine feed screw at the top of the gauge; then with the scriber set to the same level as the base, the scale can be matched to it.
The bevel protractor consists of a beam, a graduated dial, and a blade which is connected to a swivel plate (with Vernier scale) by a thumb nut and clamp. When the edges of the beam and blade are parallel, a small mark on the swivel plate coincides with the zero line on the graduated dial.
English: Illustration of a vernier caliper. The caliper is showing a measurement of 2.475 cm ± 0.005 cm. Legend: Outside jaws: used to measure external length; Inside jaws: used to measure internal length; Depth probe: used to measure depth; Main scale (cm) Main scale (inch) Vernier (cm) Vernier (inch) Retainer: used to block/release movable part
Yet spatial distinctions can be made on a finer scale still: misalignment of borders can be detected with a precision up to 10 times better than visual acuity, as already shown by Ewald Hering in 1899. [1] This hyperacuity, transcending by far the size limits set by the retinal 'pixels', depends on sophisticated information processing in the brain.
Messing up pronunciations can be a source of both annoyance and amusement, but language learning platform Babbel has put together a handy guide to stop you putting your foot in it.
Okay, so you read the big measurement off of the big scale, and the finer one of the vernier scale. But how does the vernier scale know where to indicate? The animation shows a caliper measuring a bolt's width; when it closes, the scale is at 2.4. Then, magically, a little red mark appears and moves along the vernier scale and stops at the 7 ...