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The dermatome is the dorsal portion of the paraxial mesoderm somite which gives rise to the skin . In the human embryo, it arises in the third week of embryogenesis . [ 2 ] It is formed when a dermomyotome (the remaining part of the somite left when the sclerotome migrates), splits to form the dermatome and the myotome. [ 2 ]
In somitogenesis, somites form from the paraxial mesoderm, a particular region of mesoderm in the neurulating embryo.This tissue undergoes convergent extension as the primitive streak regresses, or as the embryo gastrulates.
English: A diagram showing human dermatomes, i.e., skin regions with respect to the routing of their afferent nerves through the spinal cord. Svenska: Människans dermatom, sensoriska zonindelning. Date
the sclerotome, which forms cartilage, the syndetome, which forms tendons, the Myotome, which forms skeletal muscle, the dermatome, which forms the dermis as well as skeletal muscle, and endothelial cells.
The notochord and the neural tube activate the protein SHH, which helps the somite to form its sclerotome. The cells of the sclerotome express the protein PAX1 that induces the cartilage and bone formation. The neural tube activates the protein WNT1 that expresses PAX 2 so the somite creates the myotome and dermatome.
Following is a list of spinal nerves and points that are characteristically belonging to the dermatome of each nerve: [4] Dermatomes of the lower limb (modified, from Fender, after Foerster) C2 – At least one cm lateral to the occipital protuberance at the base of the skull. Alternately, a point at least 3 cm (1.2 in) behind the ear.
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The first seven somitomeres give rise to the striated muscles of the face, jaws, and throat. [2]The remaining somitomeres, likely driven by periodic expression of the hairy gene, begin expressing adhesion proteins such as N-cadherin and fibronectin, compact, and bud off forming somites.