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King Edward VI of England, in whose reign the reform of the English Church moved in a more Protestant direction When Henry died in 1547, his nine-year-old son, Edward VI , inherited the throne. Because Edward was given a Protestant humanist education, Protestants held high expectations and hoped he would be like Josiah , the biblical king of ...
The last Catholic coronation of a British monarch: 1558-59 Elizabethan Religious Settlement, a compromise which secured Protestant reforms but allowed some Catholic traditions to continue. 1559 Act of Supremacy 1558 confirmed Elizabeth as Head of the Church of England and abolished the authority of the Pope in England. Final break with the ...
In response, in 1571 legislation was enacted making it treasonable to be under the authority of the pope, including being a Jesuit, being Catholic or harbouring a Catholic priest. The standard penalty for all those convicted of treason at the time was execution by being hanged, drawn and quartered .
The most prominent reformers were Archbishop Dunstan of Canterbury (959–988), Bishop Æthelwold of Winchester (963–984), and Archbishop Oswald of York (971–992). The reform movement was supported by King Edgar (r. 959–975). One result of the reforms was the creation of monastic cathedrals at Canterbury, Worcester, Winchester, and Sherborne.
The spread of new monastic orders was an important element of the Catholic reform movement. Most new orders placed great value on pastoral care. [note 46] Among them, the Society of Jesus (or Jesuits) became the most influential. [290] Its founder Ignatius of Loyola (d. 1556) was born to a Basque noble family.
A primary emphasis of the Counter-Reformation was a mission to reach parts of the world that had been colonized as predominantly Catholic and also try to reconvert nations such as Sweden and England that once were Catholic from the time of the Christianisation of Europe, but had been lost to the Reformation. [1]
Under Queen Mary I, in 1553, the fractured and discordant English Church was linked again to continental Catholicism and the See of Rome through the doctrinal and liturgical initiatives of Reginald Pole and other Catholic reformers. [48] [49] Mary was determined to return the whole of England to the Catholic faith. This aim was not necessarily ...
Catholic emancipation or Catholic relief was a process in the kingdoms of Great Britain and Ireland, and later the combined United Kingdom in the late 18th century and early 19th century, that involved reducing and removing many of the restrictions on Roman Catholics introduced by the Act of Uniformity, the Test Acts and the penal laws.