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Replacing SHA-1 is urgent where it is used for digital signatures. All major web browser vendors ceased acceptance of SHA-1 SSL certificates in 2017. [15] [9] [4] In February 2017, CWI Amsterdam and Google announced they had performed a collision attack against SHA-1, publishing two dissimilar PDF files which produced the same SHA-1 hash.
shasum is a Perl program to calculate any of SHA-1, 224, 256, 384, 512 hashes. [7] It is part of the ActivePerl distribution. sha3sum is a similarly named program that calculates SHA-3, HAKE, RawSHAKE, and Keccak functions. [8] The <hash>sum naming convention is also used by the BLAKE team with b2sum and b3sum, by the program tthsum, and many ...
SHA-1: A 160-bit hash function which resembles the earlier MD5 algorithm. This was designed by the National Security Agency (NSA) to be part of the Digital Signature Algorithm . Cryptographic weaknesses were discovered in SHA-1, and the standard was no longer approved for most cryptographic uses after 2010.
hash HAS-160: 160 bits hash HAVAL: 128 to 256 bits hash JH: 224 to 512 bits hash LSH [19] 256 to 512 bits wide-pipe Merkle–Damgård construction: MD2: 128 bits hash MD4: 128 bits hash MD5: 128 bits Merkle–Damgård construction: MD6: up to 512 bits Merkle tree NLFSR (it is also a keyed hash function) RadioGatún: arbitrary ideal mangling ...
SEAL is a stream cipher that uses SHA-1 to generate internal tables, which are then used in a keystream generator more or less unrelated to the hash algorithm. SEAL is not guaranteed to be as strong (or weak) as SHA-1. Similarly, the key expansion of the HC-128 and HC-256 stream ciphers makes heavy use of the SHA-256 hash function.
Linux kernel, version 5.17 replaced SHA-1 with BLAKE2s for hashing the entropy pool in the random number generator. [21] Open Network for Digital Commerce, a Government of India initiative, uses BLAKE-512 to sign API requests. [22] checksum, a Windows file hashing program has Blake2s as one of its algorithms [23]
A cryptographic hash method H (default is SHA-1) A secret key K, which is an arbitrary byte string and must remain private; A counter C, which counts the number of iterations; A HOTP value length d (6–10, default is 6, and 6–8 is recommended) Both parties compute the HOTP value derived from the secret key K and the counter C. Then the ...
The data produced in the previous step is hashed with a cryptographic hash function such as SHA-1 or SHA-2. If desired, the hash function output can be truncated to provide a shorter, more convenient fingerprint. This process produces a short fingerprint which can be used to authenticate a much larger public key.