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This reaction force is sometimes described as a centrifugal inertial reaction, [44] [45] that is, a force that is centrifugally directed, which is a reactive force equal and opposite to the centripetal force that is curving the path of the mass. The concept of the reactive centrifugal force is sometimes used in mechanics and engineering.
The net acceleration is directed towards the interior of the circle (but does not pass through its center). The net acceleration may be resolved into two components: tangential acceleration and centripetal acceleration. Unlike tangential acceleration, centripetal acceleration is present in both uniform and non-uniform circular motion.
In low-pressure systems, centrifugal force is negligible, and balance is between Coriolis and pressure forces (called geostrophic balance). In the oceans all three forces are comparable (called cyclogeostrophic balance). [6] For a figure showing spatial and temporal scales of motions in the atmosphere and oceans, see Kantha and Clayson. [8]
The acceleration of a falling body in the absence of resistances to motion is dependent only on the gravitational field strength g (also called acceleration due to gravity). By Newton's Second Law the force F g {\displaystyle \mathbf {F_{g}} } acting on a body is given by: F g = m g . {\displaystyle \mathbf {F_{g}} =m\mathbf {g} .}
During circular motion the acceleration is the product of the radius and the square of the angular velocity, and the acceleration relative to "g" is traditionally named "relative centrifugal force" (RCF). The acceleration is measured in multiples of "g" (or × "g"), the standard acceleration due to gravity at the Earth's surface, a ...
The centrifugal force is given by the equation: = where m is the excess mass of the particle over and above the mass of an equivalent volume of the fluid in which the particle is situated (see Archimedes' principle) and r is the distance of the particle from the axis of rotation. When the two opposing forces, viscous and centrifugal, balance ...
The particles' settling velocity in centrifugation is a function of their size and shape, centrifugal acceleration, the volume fraction of solids present, the density difference between the particle and the liquid, and the viscosity. The most common application is the separation of solid from highly concentrated suspensions, which is used in ...
In classical mechanics, the Euler acceleration (named for Leonhard Euler), also known as azimuthal acceleration [8] or transverse acceleration [9] is an acceleration that appears when a non-uniformly rotating reference frame is used for analysis of motion and there is variation in the angular velocity of the reference frame's axis. This article ...