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Karelianism was a late 19th-century cultural phenomenon in the Grand Duchy of Finland and involved writers, painters, poets and sculptors. Since the publishing of the Finnish national epic Kalevala in 1835, compiled from Finnish and Karelian folk lore, culture spheres in Finland became increasingly curious about Karelian heritage and landscape.
The Karelo-Finnish Soviet Socialist Republic was established by the Soviet government on 31 March 1940 by merging the KASSR with the Finnish Democratic Republic.The latter was created in territory ceded by Finland in the Winter War by the Moscow Peace Treaty, namely the Karelian Isthmus and Ladoga Karelia, including the cities of Viipuri and Sortavala.
The East Karelian Uprising (Finnish: itäkarjalaisten kansannousu, Karelian: päivännouzu karjalan kanzannouzu) and the Soviet–Finnish conflict 1921–1922 were an attempt by a group of East Karelian separatists supported by Finland to gain independence from the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic.
The Finnish Army organized a special unit called Sau for anti-partisan activities. A partisan brigade was destroyed in Northern Karelia by the Finnish Army in mid-1942. [7] Finnish preparations in the north of the country for partisan activity have later been criticized as lacking.
Karelia (/ k ə ˈ r iː l ɪ ə, k ə ˈ r iː l j ə /; Karelian and Finnish: Karjala [ˈkɑrjɑlɑ]; Russian: Каре́лия, romanized: Kareliya [kɐˈrʲelʲɪjə], historically Коре́ла, Korela [kɐˈrʲelʲə]; Swedish: Karelen [kɑˈreːlen]) is an area in Northern Europe of historical significance for Russia (including the Soviet era), Finland, and Sweden.
In 1939, the Soviet Union invaded Finland, starting the Winter War, with the goal of annexing Finland. [20] [21] The Soviets failed to achieve this objective, and fighting ended in March 1940 with the signing of the Moscow Peace Treaty. Per the treaty, Finland ceded the eastern half of Finnish Karelia to the Soviet Union. About 400,000 people ...
The Karelian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, [a] Karelian ASSR [b] for short, sometimes referred to as Soviet Karelia, East Karelia or simply Karelia, was an autonomous republic of the Russian SFSR within the Soviet Union, with its capital in Petrozavodsk. It existed from 25 July 1923 to 31 March 1940 and again from 6 July 1956 to 13 ...
The Republican Movement of Karelia (Russian: Республиканское движение Карелии) or Karelian Republican Movement (Finnish: Karjalan Tasavallan Liike; Karelian: Karjalan Tazavallan Liike) or RMK was a Karelian regionalist and separatist organization founded by a Russian philosopher and author Vadim Vladimirovich Shtepa and registered in January 2014.