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The nutrition pyramid, also known as the food pyramid. Nutritional epidemiology examines dietary and nutritional factors in relation to disease occurrence at a population level. [1] Nutritional epidemiology is a relatively new field of medical research that studies the relationship between nutrition and health. [2]
Research on overcoming persistent under-nutrition published by the Institute of Development Studies, argues that the co-existence of India as an 'economic powerhouse' and home to one-third of the world's under-nourished children reflects a failure of the governance of nutrition: "A poor capacity to deliver the right services at the right time ...
The figures provided in this section on epidemiology all refer to undernutrition even if the term malnutrition is used which, by definition, could also apply to too much nutrition. The Global Hunger Index (GHI) is a multidimensional statistical tool used to describe the state of countries' hunger situation.
Nutritional science is often combined with food science (nutrition and food science). Trophology is a term used globally for nutritional science in other languages, in English the term is dated. Today, it is partly still used for the approach of food combining that advocates specific combinations (or advises against certain combinations) of food.
Epidemiological (and other observational) studies typically highlight associations between exposures and outcomes, rather than causation. While some consider this a limitation of observational research, epidemiological models of causation (e.g. Bradford Hill criteria) [7] contend that an entire body of evidence is needed before determining if an association is truly causal. [8]
Nutrition is the biochemical and physiological process by which an organism uses food to support its life. It provides organisms with nutrients , which can be metabolized to create energy and chemical structures.
Epidemiology is the study and analysis of the distribution (who, when, and where), patterns and determinants of health and disease conditions in a defined population.. It is a cornerstone of public health, and shapes policy decisions and evidence-based practice by identifying risk factors for disease and targets for preventive healthcare.
Nutritional genomics, also known as nutrigenomics, is a science studying the relationship between human genome, human nutrition and health. People in the field work toward developing an understanding of how the whole body responds to a food via systems biology , as well as single gene/single food compound relationships.