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Computer model of the Banzhaf power index from the Wolfram Demonstrations Project. The Banzhaf power index, named after John Banzhaf (originally invented by Lionel Penrose in 1946 and sometimes called Penrose–Banzhaf index; also known as the Banzhaf–Coleman index after James Samuel Coleman), is a power index defined by the probability of changing an outcome of a vote where voting rights ...
Weighted voting refers to voting rules that grant some voters a greater influence than others (which contrasts with rules that assign every voter an equal vote).Examples include publicly-traded companies (which typically grant stockholders one vote for each share they own), as well as the European Council, where the number of votes of each member state is roughly proportional to the square ...
The Shapley–Shubik power index was formulated by Lloyd Shapley and Martin Shubik in 1954 to measure the powers of players in a voting game. [1] The constituents of a voting system, such as legislative bodies, executives, shareholders, individual legislators, and so forth, can be viewed as players in an n-player game. Players with the same ...
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An electoral system (or voting system) is a set of rules that determine how elections and referendums are conducted and how their results are determined. Some electoral systems elect a single winner (single candidate or option), while others elect multiple winners, such as members of parliament or boards of directors.
The system has grown over the past two decades with 53 or so cities using it today. But how does ranked-choice voting work when it comes to federal, state and local elections? Here’s how it's ...
Trends like this lead to concrete results; for example, after switching to RCV, 61% of New York City's 51 City Council seats were filled by women in 2021 — 25 of them women of color!
The Fortune 500 list of companies includes only publicly traded companies, also including tax inversion companies. There are also corporations having foundation in the United States, such as corporate headquarters, operational headquarters and independent subsidiaries. The list excludes large privately held companies such as Cargill and Koch ...