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  2. HIV - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HIV

    HIV can also disseminate by direct transmission from one cell to another by a process of cell-to-cell spread, for which two pathways have been described. Firstly, an infected T cell can transmit virus directly to a target T cell via a virological synapse .

  3. Pathophysiology of HIV/AIDS - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathophysiology_of_HIV/AIDS

    A good CD8 + T cell response has been linked to slower disease progression and a better prognosis, though it does not eliminate the virus. [3] During the acute phase, HIV-induced cell lysis and killing of infected cells by cytotoxic T cells accounts for CD4 + T cell depletion, although apoptosis may also be a factor.

  4. HIV/AIDS - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HIV/AIDS

    Criminal transmission of HIV is the intentional or reckless infection of a person with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Some countries or jurisdictions, including some areas of the United States, have laws that criminalize HIV transmission or exposure. [298] Others may charge the accused under laws enacted before the HIV pandemic.

  5. Structure and genome of HIV - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structure_and_genome_of_HIV

    The genome and proteins of HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) have been the subject of extensive research since the discovery of the virus in 1983. [1] [2] "In the search for the causative agent, it was initially believed that the virus was a form of the Human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV), which was known at the time to affect the human immune system and cause certain leukemias.

  6. HIV-1 protease - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HIV-1_protease

    As HIV-1 PR can only function as a dimer, the mature protease contains two Asp25 amino acids, one from each monomer, that act in conjunction with each other as the catalytic residues. [9] Additionally, HIV protease has two molecular "flaps" which move a distance of up to 7 Å when the enzyme becomes associated with a substrate. [10]

  7. HIV/AIDS research - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HIV/AIDS_research

    The within-host dynamics of HIV infection include the spread of the virus in vivo, the establishment of latency, the effects of immune response on the virus, etc. [6] [7] Early studies used simple models and only considered the cell-free spreading of HIV, in which virus particles bud from an infected T cell, enter the blood/extracellular fluid ...

  8. Infection - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infection

    Vehicle transmission, transmission by an inanimate reservoir (food, water, soil). [32] Vertical transmission, directly from the mother to an embryo, fetus or baby during pregnancy or childbirth. It can occur as a result of a pre-existing infection or one acquired during pregnancy. Iatrogenic transmission, due to medical procedures such as ...

  9. HIV tropism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HIV_tropism

    HIV tropism refers to the cell type in which the human immunodeficiency virus infects and replicates. HIV tropism of a patient's virus is measured by the Trofile assay . HIV can infect a variety of cells such as CD4+ helper T-cells and macrophages that express the CD4 molecule on their surface.