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Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a technique that combines the use of endoscopy and fluoroscopy to diagnose and treat certain problems of the biliary or pancreatic ductal systems. It is primarily performed by highly skilled and specialty trained gastroenterologists.
During ERCP the endoscopist may surgically widen the opening into the bile duct and remove the stone through that opening. ERCP, however, is an invasive procedure and has its own potential complications. Thus, if the suspicion is low, the physician may choose to confirm the diagnosis with MRCP, a non-invasive imaging technique, before ...
Cholecystectomy is a common treatment of symptomatic gallstones and other gallbladder conditions. [1] In 2011, cholecystectomy was the eighth most common operating room procedure performed in hospitals in the United States. [2] Cholecystectomy can be performed either laparoscopically, or via an open surgical technique. [3] [page needed]
In cholecystectomy there is a slight risk (0.3–0.5%) of injury of the bile ducts, most commonly of the common bile duct. [6] This complication can range from mild forms, which are easy to address during the operation, to more severe forms. [6] If not addressed such injury can be debilitating and lead to considerable morbidity. [6]
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Although this is a form of imaging, it is both diagnostic and therapeutic, and is often classified with surgeries rather than with imaging. Primary cholangiography (or perioperative): Done in the operation room during a biliary drainage intervention.
Stones in the common bile duct can be removed before surgery by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) or during surgery. [7] Complications from surgery are rare. [4] In people unable to have surgery, gallbladder drainage may be tried. [5] About 10–15% of adults in the developed world have gallstones. [5]
A gallstone is a stone formed within the gallbladder from precipitated bile components. [2] The term cholelithiasis may refer to the presence of gallstones or to any disease caused by gallstones, [5] and choledocholithiasis refers to the presence of migrated gallstones within bile ducts.
Treatment of bile leaks: leakage of bile into the abdominal cavity is a complication of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The purpose of biliary endoscopic sphincterotomy in the treatment of a bile leak is to reduce or eliminate the pressure gradient between the bile duct and the duodenum, encouraging transpapillary bile flow and allowing the leak ...