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Cell-free protein synthesis, also known as in vitro protein synthesis or CFPS, is the production of protein using biological machinery in a cell-free system, that is, without the use of living cells. The in vitro protein synthesis environment is not constrained by a cell wall or homeostasis conditions necessary to maintain cell viability. [ 1 ]
[6] [7] The cell extract-based type are susceptible to problems like quick degradation of components outside their host, as shown in a study by Kitaoka et al. where a cell-free translation system based on Escherichia coli (E. coli), of the cell extract-based type, had the mRNA template degrade very quickly and led to the halt of protein ...
Cell-free protein array technology produces protein microarrays by performing in vitro synthesis of the target proteins from their DNA templates. This method of synthesizing protein microarrays overcomes the many obstacles and challenges faced by traditional methods of protein array production [1] that have prevented widespread adoption of protein microarrays in proteomics.
Cell-free production of proteins is performed in vitro using purified RNA polymerase, ribosomes, tRNA and ribonucleotides. These reagents may be produced by extraction from cells or from a cell-based expression system. Due to the low expression levels and high cost of cell-free systems, cell-based systems are more widely used. [29]
Sutro's cell-free protein synthesis and site-specific conjugation platform, XpressCF+, contributed to the discovery of STRO-001 and STRO-002, internally-developed antibody drug conjugates, or ADCs. STRO-001 is an ADC targeting CD74, a protein highly expressed in multiple myeloma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma , and is currently in a Phase I ...
ELABELA (ELA) (a.k.a. APELA) is an endogenous hormone that is secreted as a 32 amino acid micropeptide by human embryonic stem cells. [32] It is essential to maintain the self-renewal and pluripotency of human embryonic stem cells. Its signals in an autocrine fashion through the PI3/AKT pathway via an as yet unidentified cell surface receptor. [37]
Instead of being able to calmly focus on her chemotherapy treatment, Arete Tsoukalas had to spend hours on the phone arguing with her insurer while receiving infusions in the hospital.
Pichia pastoris (Komagataella phaffii), widely used in biochemical research and industry as an expression system for protein production, as well as genetic study; Rhizophagus irregularis, used for studying arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis. [8] [9] Saccharomyces cerevisiae (baker's yeast or budding yeast), used in brewing and baking.
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