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The International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD) is a detailed hierarchical classification of all headache-related disorders published by the International Headache Society. [1] It is considered the official classification of headaches by the World Health Organization , and, in 1992, was incorporated into the 10th edition of their ...
Cervicogenic headache is a type of headache characterized by chronic hemicranial pain referred to the head from either the cervical spine or soft tissues within the neck. [1] [2] The main symptoms of cervicogenic headaches include pain originating in the neck that can travel to the head or face, headaches that get worse with neck movement, and limited ability to move the neck.
Sinus node dysfunction (SND), also known as sick sinus syndrome (SSS), is a group of abnormal heart rhythms (arrhythmias) usually caused by a malfunction of the sinus node, the heart's primary pacemaker. [1] [2] Tachycardia-bradycardia syndrome is a variant of sick sinus syndrome in which the arrhythmia alternates between fast and slow heart ...
The types of SVT associated with TIC include atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, incessant atrial tachycardia, permanent junctional reciprocating tachycardia, atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia, and atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia. [1] Atrial fibrillation is the most common and well-studied etiology of TIC. [1] [5]
Pain medication: acetominophen, aspirin, or ibuprofen; Manipulation of neck by chiropractor: For example, vertigo symptoms can be relieved [25] Neck braces to avoid movement of neck and provide stability; Physical therapy; Injection: Combination (anesthetic and cortisone) drug to help alleviate the pain; Surgery to restore function and form of ...
Retrocollis is the extension of the neck (head tilts back) and uses the following muscles for movement: bilateral splenius, bilateral upper trapezius, bilateral deep posterior paravertebrals. This is the "chin-in-the-air" version. A combination of these head positions is common; many patients experience turning and tilting actions of the head. [10]
Other symptoms include chest pain, fatigue, shortness of breath, presyncope, syncope, [1] reduced exercise tolerance, anxiety, panic attacks, and headaches. These symptoms are usually associated with an elevated heart rate. While some patients have persistently elevated sinus rates, others have paroxysmal episodes with normal heart rates in ...
Atrial flutter was first identified as an independent medical condition in 1920 by the British physician Sir Thomas Lewis (1881–1945) and colleagues. [5] AFL is the second most common pathologic supraventricular tachycardia but occurs at a rate less than one-tenth of the most common supraventricular tachycardia (atrial fibrillation).