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Arrival of the Winthrop Colony, by William F. Halsall. The Winthrop Fleet was a group of 11 ships led by John Winthrop out of a total of 16 [1] funded by the Massachusetts Bay Company which together carried between 700 and 1,000 Puritans plus livestock and provisions from England to New England over the summer of 1630, during the first period of the Great Migration.
Mary and John was a 400-ton ship that is known to have sailed between England and the American colonies four times from 1607 to 1634. Named in tribute to John and Mary Winthrop [2] she was captained by Robert Davies and owned by Roger Ludlow (1590–1664), one of the assistants of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. [3]
The small, 100-foot ship had 102 passengers and a crew of about 30–40 in extremely cramped conditions. By the second month out, the ship was being buffeted by strong westerly gales, causing the ship's timbers to be badly shaken with caulking failing to keep out sea water, and with passengers, even in their berths, lying wet and ill.
Arbella or Arabella [2] was the flagship of the Winthrop Fleet on which Governor John Winthrop, other members of the Company (including William Gager), and Puritan emigrants transported themselves and the Charter of the Massachusetts Bay Company from England to Salem between April 8 and June 12, 1630, thereby giving legal birth to the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
1630 8 April – Winthrop Fleet : The ship Arbella and three others set sail from the Solent with 400 passengers under the leadership of John Winthrop headed for the Massachusetts Bay Colony in America as part of the Puritan migration to New England (1620–1640) ; seven more, with another 300 aboard, follow in the next few weeks.
Passengers who developed scurvy experienced symptoms such as bleeding gums, teeth falling out, and stinking breath. [20] Passengers consumed large amounts of alcohol such as beer with meals. This was known to be safer than water, which often came from polluted sources causing diseases. All food and drink was stored in barrels known as ...
The seven remaining ships arrived at Jamestown only to bring diseased and hungry passengers to the stressed colony. [50] [51] Council members in bold. [6] [7] Those who died in Bermuda (or were lost at sea) are indicated with a Latin cross ( ️). Titles and occupations are from era accounts, but use modern British spellings.
The Spanish are forced to flee after three of their ships are lost and 1,600 Spaniards killed or injured, while the Dutch sustain 1,700 casualties without the loss of a ship. [70] March 3 – The early settlement of Taunton, Massachusetts, is incorporated as a town. March 13 – Harvard University is named for clergyman John Harvard.
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