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Examples of this include thinking a dog is smiling simply because it is showing his teeth, [50] or a cat mourns for a dead owner. [51] Anthropomorphism may be beneficial to the welfare of animals. A 2012 study by Butterfield et al. found that utilizing anthropomorphic language when describing dogs created a greater willingness to help them in ...
A common example of synecdoche: using the term boots to mean "soldiers", as in the phrase "boots on the ground". Synecdoche ( / s ɪ ˈ n ɛ k d ə k i / sih- NEK -də-kee ) [ 1 ] is a type of metonymy ; it is a figure of speech that uses a term for a part of something to refer to the whole ( pars pro toto ), or vice versa ( totum pro parte ).
Metalepsis uses a familiar word or a phrase in a new context. [13] For example, "lead foot" may describe a fast driver; lead is proverbially heavy, and a foot exerting more pressure on the accelerator causes a vehicle to go faster (in this context unduly so). [14] The figure of speech is a "metonymy of a metonymy". [13]
Dispositional attribution is a tendency to attribute people's behaviors to their dispositions; that is, to their personality, character, and ability. [38] For example, when a normally pleasant waiter is being rude to his/her customer, the customer may assume he/she has a bad character.
Typical examples of forms given by Plato are largeness, smallness, equality, unity, goodness, beauty, and justice. According to nominalists such as William of Ockham, universals are not concrete entities, just voice's sounds; there are only individuals. [7] Universals are words that can call to several individuals; for example, the word "homo".
Never attribute to malice that which is adequately explained by stupidity. It is a philosophical razor that suggests a way of eliminating unlikely explanations for human behavior. It is probably named after Robert J. Hanlon, who submitted the statement to Murphy's Law Book Two: More Reasons Why Things Go Wrong!
An example of a verbal adjective with verb-like features is the word wearing in the sentence The man wearing a hat is my father (it behaves as a verb in taking an object, a hat, although the resulting phrase wearing a hat functions like an attributive adjective in modifying man).
Psychological projection is a defence mechanism of alterity concerning "inside" content mistaken to be coming from the "outside" Other. [1] It forms the basis of empathy by the projection of personal experiences to understand someone else's subjective world. [1]