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The global framework for banking regulation and supervision, prepared by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, makes a distinction between three "pillars", namely regulation (Pillar 1), supervisory discretion (Pillar 2), and market discipline enabled by appropriate disclosure requirements (Pillar 3). [2]
Banking Regulation and Supervision Agency of Turkey (BRSA) ; Capital Markets Board (SPK) ; Insurance and Private Pension Regulation and Supervision Agency (IPRSA) Turks and Caicos: Turks and Caicos Islands Financial Services Commission (TCIFSC) Uganda: Bank of Uganda ; Capital Markets Authority (CMA) ; Insurance Regulatory Authority of Uganda ...
The Prudential Regulation Authority (PRA) is a United Kingdom financial services regulatory body, formed as one of the successors to the Financial Services Authority (FSA). [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The authority is responsible for the prudential regulation and supervision of banks, building societies, credit unions, insurers and major investment firms.
It replaces the Financial Services Authority with two new regulators, namely the Financial Conduct Authority and the Prudential Regulation Authority, and creates the Financial Policy Committee of the Bank of England. This framework went into effect on 1 April 2013. [1] Its main effect is to amend the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000.
The committee expanded its membership in 2009 and then again in 2014. As of 2019, the BCBS has 45 members from 28 jurisdictions, consisting of central banks and authorities with responsibility of banking regulation. [3] The committee agrees on standards for bank capital, liquidity and funding. Those standards are non-binding high-level principles.
Regulatory structures differ in each country, but typically involve prudential regulation as well as consumer protection and market stability. Some countries have one consolidated agency that regulates all financial institutions while others have separate agencies for different types of institutions such as banks, insurance companies and brokers.
Macroprudential regulation is the approach to financial regulation that aims to mitigate risk to the financial system as a whole (or "systemic risk"). After the 2007–2008 financial crisis, there has been a growing consensus among policymakers and economic researchers about the need to re-orient the regulatory framework towards a macroprudential perspective.
The European System of Financial Supervision (ESFS) is the framework for financial supervision in the European Union that has been in operation since 2011. The system consists of the European Supervisory Authorities (ESAs), the European Systemic Risk Board, the Joint Committee of the European Supervisory Authorities, and the national supervisory authorities of EU member states. [1]