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This improper name persists, especially in elementary textbooks. In biology, the unit "%" is sometimes (incorrectly) used to denote mass concentration, also called mass/volume percentage. A solution with 1 g of solute dissolved in a final volume of 100 mL of solution would be labeled as "1%" or "1% m/v" (mass/volume). This is incorrect because ...
[5] [6] For example, excess combustion air of 15 percent means that 15 percent more than the required stoichiometric air (or 115 percent of stoichiometric air) is being used. A combustion control point can be defined by specifying the percent excess air (or oxygen) in the oxidant, or by specifying the percent oxygen in the combustion product. [7]
The very ambiguous terms "percent solution" and "percentage solutions" with no other qualifiers, continue to occasionally be encountered. This common usage of % to mean m/v in biology is because of many biological solutions being dilute and water-based, an aqueous solution. Liquid water has a density of approximately 1 g/cm 3 (1 g/mL). Thus 100 ...
A 5% displayed LFL reading for methane, for example, would be equivalent to 5% multiplied by 4.4%, or approximately 0.22% methane by volume at 20 degrees C. Control of the explosion hazard is usually achieved by sufficient natural or mechanical ventilation, to limit the concentration of flammable gases or vapors to a maximum level of 25% of ...
where m indicates mass. Another definition used in chemical engineering defines quality (q) of a fluid as the fraction that is saturated liquid. [2] By this definition, a saturated liquid has q = 0. A saturated vapor has q = 1. [3] An alternative definition is the 'equilibrium thermodynamic quality'.
Donald Trump's lawyers are urging the New York judge in his criminal hush money case to throw out his conviction based on unsworn allegations of "grave juror misconduct" that prosecutors have ...
The ideal gas equation can be rearranged to give an expression for the molar volume of an ideal gas: = = Hence, for a given temperature and pressure, the molar volume is the same for all ideal gases and is based on the gas constant: R = 8.314 462 618 153 24 m 3 ⋅Pa⋅K −1 ⋅mol −1, or about 8.205 736 608 095 96 × 10 −5 m 3 ⋅atm⋅K ...
A federal judge said Kraft Heinz must face a proposed nationwide class action alleging that it defrauded consumers by claiming its Kraft macaroni and cheese, one of its best-known products ...