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  2. Heat transfer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat_transfer

    The rate of heat loss of a body is proportional to the temperature difference between the body and its surroundings. However, by definition, the validity of Newton's law of cooling requires that the rate of heat loss from convection be a linear function of ("proportional to") the temperature difference that drives heat transfer, and in ...

  3. Newton's law of cooling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton's_law_of_cooling

    The statement of Newton's law used in the heat transfer literature puts into mathematics the idea that the rate of heat loss of a body is proportional to the difference in temperatures between the body and its surroundings. For a temperature-independent heat transfer coefficient, the statement is:

  4. Latent heat - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latent_heat

    Latent heat is associated with the change of phase of atmospheric or ocean water, vaporization, condensation, freezing or melting, whereas sensible heat is energy transferred that is evident in change of the temperature of the atmosphere or ocean, or ice, without those phase changes, though it is associated with changes of pressure and volume.

  5. Atmospheric thermodynamics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmospheric_thermodynamics

    Atmospheric thermodynamics is the study of heat-to-work transformations (and their reverse) that take place in the Earth's atmosphere and manifest as weather or climate. . Atmospheric thermodynamics use the laws of classical thermodynamics, to describe and explain such phenomena as the properties of moist air, the formation of clouds, atmospheric convection, boundary layer meteorology, and ...

  6. Convection (heat transfer) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convection_(Heat_transfer)

    where ˙ is the heat transferred per unit time, A is the area of the object, h is the heat transfer coefficient, T is the object's surface temperature, and T f is the fluid temperature. [ 8 ] The convective heat transfer coefficient is dependent upon the physical properties of the fluid and the physical situation.

  7. Evapotranspiration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evapotranspiration

    Secondly, the amount of energy present in the air and soil (e.g. heat, measured by the global surface temperature); and thirdly the ability of the atmosphere to take up water . Regarding the second factor (energy and heat): climate change has increased global temperatures (see instrumental temperature record). This global warming has increased ...

  8. Atmospheric temperature - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmospheric_temperature

    Temperatures in the atmosphere decrease with height at an average rate of 6.5 °C (11.7 °F) per kilometer. Because the troposphere experiences its warmest temperatures closer to Earth's surface, there is great vertical movement of heat and water vapour, causing turbulence.

  9. Water vapor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_vapor

    Liquid water that becomes water vapor takes a parcel of heat with it, in a process called evaporative cooling. [3] The amount of water vapor in the air determines how frequently molecules will return to the surface. When a net evaporation occurs, the body of water will undergo a net cooling directly related to the loss of water.

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