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In addition, acetyl-CoA is a precursor for the biosynthesis of various acetyl-chemicals, acting as an intermediate to transfer an acetyl group during the biosynthesis of those acetyl-chemicals. Acetyl-CoA is also involved in the regulation of various cellular mechanisms by providing acetyl groups to target amino acid residues for post ...
It begins with acetyl-CoA and involves the stepwise condensation of two-carbon units, typically derived from malonyl-CoA, to form increasingly longer carbon chains. In fatty acid synthesis, these chains are fully reduced after each elongation step, while in polyketide synthesis, the reduction steps may be partially or completely omitted ...
In enzymology, an acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.9) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction. 2 acetyl-CoA CoA + acetoacetyl-CoA. Hence, this enzyme has one substrate, acetyl-CoA, and two products, CoA and acetoacetyl-CoA. Acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase belongs to the thiolase family of enzymes.
Acetyl Co-A can also be used in fatty acid synthesis, and a common function of the synthetase is to produce acetyl Co-A for this purpose. [3] The reaction catalyzed by acetyl-CoA synthetase takes place in two steps. First, AMP must be bound by the enzyme to cause a conformational change in the active site, which allows the reaction to take place.
These reactions have different functions in cells. The reaction involving acetyl-CoA and butyrate (EC 2.8.3.8), for example, forms butyrate during fermentation. [3] The reaction involving acetyl-CoA and succinate (EC 2.8.3.18) is part of a modified TCA cycle [4] or forms acetate during fermentation. [5] The reaction involving acetoacetate-CoA ...
The systematic name of this enzyme class is acetyl-CoA:[acyl-carrier-protein] S-acetyltransferase. Other names in common use include acetyl coenzyme A-acyl-carrier-protein transacylase, acetyl-CoA:ACP transacylase, [acyl-carrier-protein]acetyltransferase, [ACP]acetyltransferase, and ACAT. This enzyme participates in fatty acid biosynthesis.
Two specific enzymes participate on the carbon monoxide side of the pathway: CO dehydrogenase and acetyl-CoA synthase. The former catalyzes the reduction of the CO 2 and the latter combines the resulting CO with a methyl group to give acetyl-CoA. [1] [2] Some anaerobic bacteria use the Wood–Ljungdahl pathway in reverse to break down acetate.
60525 Ensembl ENSG00000131069 ENSMUSG00000027605 UniProt Q9NR19 Q9QXG4 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001076552 NM_001242393 NM_018677 NM_139274 NM_019811 RefSeq (protein) NP_001070020 NP_001229322 NP_061147 NP_062785 Location (UCSC) Chr 20: 34.87 – 34.93 Mb Chr 2: 155.36 – 155.43 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Acyl-coenzyme A synthetase short-chain family member 2 is an ...