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The bill received the President's approval on 15 February 1985 and the act came into effect on 18 March 1985. [9] The law laid out the process for disqualifying an elected member for the remaining term, who either resigned from, voted against the will of the belonging party or remained absent during voting on a crucial bill.
Under Articles 52 and 53: the president of India is head of the executive branch; Under Article 60: the duty of preserving, protecting, and defending the constitution and the law. Under Article 74: the prime minister is the head of the Council of Ministers, which aids and advises the president in the performance of their constitutional duties.
'Kerala land reform acts' and amendments to these act placed under Schedule 9 of the constitution. 30th: Amend article 133. [36] 9 June 1972 Change the basis for appeals in Supreme Court of India in case of Civil Suits from value criteria to one involving substantial question of law. 31st: Amend articles 81, 330 and 332. [37] 17 October 1973
Securities and Exchange Board of India Act: 1992: 15 Cess and Other Taxes on Minerals (Validation) Act: 1992: 16 National Commission for Minorities Act: 1992: 19 Foreign Trade (Development and Regulation) Act: 1992: 22 Special Court (Trial of Offences Relating to Transactions in Securities) Act: 1992: 27 Rehabilitation Council of India Act ...
In such an eventuality, the chief justice—or in their absence, the senior-most judge of the Supreme Court of India available—discharges the functions of the president until a newly elected president enters upon their office or a newly elected vice president begins to act as president under Article 65 of the constitution, whichever is the ...
By article 70 of part V, the parliament may decide how to discharge the functions of the president where this is not possible, or in any other unexpected contingency. There have been 15 presidents of India since the post was established when India was declared as a republic with the adoption of the Indian constitution in 1950. [ 4 ]
Article 74 was amended and it was explicitly stipulated that "the President shall act in accordance with the advice of the Council of Ministers". [1] [17] [18] Governors of states were not included in this article. The interval at which a proclamation of Emergency under Article 356 required approval from Parliament was extended from six months ...
In India, President's rule is the suspension of state government and imposition of direct Union government rule in a state.Under Article 356 of the Constitution of India, if a state government is unable to function according to Constitutional provisions, the Union government can take direct control of the state machinery.