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For example, Old French boef is cognate with English cow, so English cow and beef are doublets. Translations , or semantic equivalents, are words in two different languages that have similar or practically identical meanings.
More specifically, the verb is one that is ordinarily intransitive (lacking any object), and the cognate object is simply the verb's noun form. For example, in the sentence He slept a troubled sleep, sleep is the cognate object of the verb slept. This construction also has a passive form. The passive is A troubled sleep was slept by him.
For example, the Hebrew word דַּל dal ("poor") (which is a false cognate of the phono-semantically similar English word dull) is used in the new Israeli Hebrew expression אין רגע דל en rega dal (literally "There is no poor moment") as a phono-semantic matching for the English expression Never a dull moment. [21]
For example, there are two forms of the verb "to start": (7) 会議が始まる。 (Kaigi ga hajimaru., "The meeting starts.") (8) 会長が会議を始める。 (Kaichō ga kaigi o hajimeru., "The president starts the meeting.") In Japanese, the form of the verb indicates the number of arguments the sentence needs to have. [2]
Derivative cognates are a classification of Chinese characters which have similar meanings and often the same etymological root, but which have diverged in pronunciation and meaning. An example is the doublet 考 and 老. At one time they were pronounced similarly and meant "old (person)."
This list contains Germanic elements of the English language which have a close corresponding Latinate form. The correspondence is semantic—in most cases these words are not cognates, but in some cases they are doublets, i.e., ultimately derived from the same root, generally Proto-Indo-European, as in cow and beef, both ultimately from PIE *gʷōus.
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In place of Latin, an Oscan or Umbrian cognate is occasionally given when no corresponding Latin cognate exists. Similarly, a cognate from another Anatolian language (e.g. Luvian, Lycian) may occasionally be given in place of or in addition to Hittite. For Tocharian, both the Tocharian A and Tocharian B cognates are given whenever possible.