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Urinary incontinence (UI), also known as involuntary urination, is any uncontrolled leakage of urine. It is a common and distressing problem, which may have a large impact on quality of life. [1] Urinary incontinence is common in older women and has been identified as an important issue in geriatric health care.
OAB causes similar symptoms to some other conditions such as urinary tract infection (UTI), bladder cancer, and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Urinary tract infections often involve pain and hematuria (blood in the urine) which are typically absent in OAB. Bladder cancer usually includes hematuria and can include pain, both not associated ...
If urinary tract infection is causative, it can be treated with urinary antimicrobials. [30] Antimuscarinic agents such as oxybutynin, tolterodine, and solifenacin are especially used in patients who suffer from nocturia due to an overactive bladder and urgency incontinence, because they help bladder contractility. [31]
There are several common causes of urinary incontinence, which can be a short or long-term problem. Treatment often depends on the cause. Learn more.
Alpha-adrenergic agonists may cause urinary retention by stimulating the contraction of the urethral sphincter. Calcium channel blockers may decrease the contractility of the smooth muscle tissue in the urinary bladder, causing urinary retention with overflow incontinence. Epidural anesthesia and delivery also can cause the overflow incontinence.
In men, prostate surgery (prostatectomy, TURP, etc) and radiation therapy can damage the sphincter and cause stress incontinence. [7] Neurogenic bladder dysfunction can involve a malfunctioning urethral sphincter. [8] Urge incontinence can happen when the urethra cannot hold the urine in as the bladder contracts uncontrollably. [9]
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