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Aldosterone is the main mineralocorticoid steroid hormone produced by the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex in the adrenal gland. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] It is essential for sodium conservation in the kidney, salivary glands, sweat glands, and colon. [ 6 ]
Hyperaldosteronism (the syndrome caused by elevated aldosterone) is commonly caused by either idiopathic adrenal hyperplasia or by an adrenal adenoma. The two main resulting problems: Hypertension and edema due to excessive Na+ and water retention. Accelerated excretion of potassium ions (K+). With extreme K+ loss there is muscle weakness and ...
The outermost layer, the zona glomerulosa is the main site for the production of aldosterone, a mineralocorticoid. The synthesis and secretion of aldosterone are mainly regulated by the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system. The zona glomerulosa cells express a specific enzyme aldosterone synthase (also known as CYP11B2).
Angiotensin II and extracellular potassium are the two main regulators of aldosterone production. [19] The amount of sodium present in the body affects the extracellular volume, which in turn influences blood pressure. Therefore, the effects of aldosterone in sodium retention are important for the regulation of blood pressure. [28] Glucocorticoids
Testosterone is converted to 5-DHT by 5alpha-reductase, usually with in the target tissues of 5-DHT because of the need for high concentrations of 5-dht to produce the physiological effects. Aldosterone: mineralocorticoid: adrenal cortex (zona glomerulosa) MR: Increase blood volume by reabsorption of sodium in kidneys (primarily)
Cortisol, corticosterone, aldosterone are produced in the adrenal cortex. [ 25 ] [ 73 ] Estradiol, estrone and progesterone are made primarily in the ovary , estriol in placenta during pregnancy, and testosterone primarily in the testes [ 25 ] [ 76 ] [ 77 ] [ 78 ] (some testosterone may also be produced in the adrenal cortex).
In humans and other animals, the adrenocortical hormones are hormones produced by the adrenal cortex, the outer region of the adrenal gland.These polycyclic steroid hormones have a variety of roles that are crucial for the body's response to stress (for example, the fight-or-flight response), and they also regulate other functions in the body.
The production rate of a steroid hormone refers to entry into the blood of the compound from all possible sources, including secretion from glands and conversion of prohormones into the steroid of interest. At steady state, the amount of hormone entering the blood from all sources will be equal to the rate at which it is being cleared ...