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Necrotizing external otitis (malignant otitis externa) is an uncommon form of external otitis that occurs mainly in elderly diabetics, being somewhat more likely and more severe when the diabetes is poorly controlled. Even less commonly, it can develop due to a severely compromised immune system.
Otomycosis does not usually cause as much canal skin edema as does acute bacterial external otitis.While a severe pressure type of pain is a prominent feature of advanced cases, the ear is usually much less tender, if at all, to traction or tragal pressure.
The most common aetiology of acute otitis externa is bacterial infection, [5] while chronic cases are often associated with underlying skin diseases such as eczema or psoriasis. [6] A third form, malignant otitis externa, or necrotising otitis externa, is a potentially life-threatening, invasive infection of the external auditory canal and ...
As the eardrum is the border between the external ear canal and the middle ear, its characteristics can indicate various diseases of the middle ear space. [ citation needed ] Otoscopic examination can help diagnose conditions such as acute otitis media (infection of the middle ear), otitis externa (infection of the outer ear ), [ citation ...
Diagnosing bullous myringitis involves using an otoscope to spot distinctive white sack-like structures on the eardrum.Ear pain is the primary complaint. However, differentiating it from acute otitis media can be difficult, leading to early misdiagnosis.The rarity of bullous myringitis, especially compared to acute otitis media, can result in common misdiagnoses.
Clinically, patients experience aural fullness, intra-meatal itching, and malodorous otorrhea all at the same time. Although granular myringitis does not typically result in a hearing loss, it can cause complications like inflammatory infiltration of the deep canal, canal atresia or stenosis, and post-inflammatory medial canal fibrosis.
Malignant otitis externa is a rare and potentially life-threatening complication of otitis externa in which the infection spreads from the ear canal into the surrounding skull base, hence becoming an osteomyelitis. [16] It occurs largely in diabetic patients. [20]
Otitis media, cholesteatoma [1] Types: Dilatory, baro-challenged induced, patulous [1] Causes: Common cold, influenza, allergic rhinitis, sinusitis [1] Differential diagnosis: Endolymphatic hydrops, temporomandibular joint dysfunction, superior canal dehiscence syndrome, labyrinthine fistula [1]