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In January 2019, the Presidential Advisory Council on Combating Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria convened to respond to a directive from the United States Secretary of Health and Human Services, Alex Azar, to gather public input on strategies to combat antimicrobial resistance. [7]
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR or AR) occurs when microbes evolve mechanisms that protect them from antimicrobials, which are drugs used to treat infections. [2] This resistance affects all classes of microbes, including bacteria (antibiotic resistance), viruses (antiviral resistance), protozoa (antiprotozoal resistance), and fungi (antifungal ...
Resistance can then spread to other microbes and to other host organisms. Antimicrobial agents can also have direct toxic effects on people and animals, including damage to kidneys, endocrine glands, liver, teeth and bones. Antimicrobial therapy is justified when the benefits outweigh these risks.
Antimicrobial resistance and antineoplastic resistance challenge clinical care and drive research. When an organism is resistant to more than one drug, it is said to be multidrug-resistant. The development of antibiotic resistance in particular stems from the drugs targeting only specific bacterial molecules (almost always proteins).
The promoting and prioritising investment in research and development can create new techniques and strategies to control and respond to antimicrobial resistance. [15] These research, including basic genetic and molecules studies, is crucial for investigating new therapeutic agents for alternating the antimicrobials, developing new diagnostic ...
ARDB also known as Antibiotic Resistance Genes Database is a database that tracks antibiotic resistance genes with information such as mechanism of action, resistance profile, ontology, Clusters of Orthologous Genes (COG) and Conserved Domain Database (CDD) annotations. [1] It also contains links to external databases.
This scenario has stimulated the research for an alternative strategy focused on agents (antivirulence or antipathogenic agents) aimed to disarm microorganisms cause of infectious disease, without killing or inhibiting the growth of microorganisms themselves and therefore with limited selective pressure to promote the antibiotic resistance ...
The One Health Trust's ResistanceMap is a collection of tools summarizing national and subnational data on antimicrobial use and resistance globally. [30] Since its launch in 2010, ResistanceMap has been used to inform researchers, policy makers, and the public of important trends in drug resistance and antibiotic use. [31] [32]