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Nipah virus (NiV) replication cycle As all mononegaviral genomes, Hendra virus and Nipah virus genomes are non-segmented, single-stranded negative-sense RNA. Both genomes are 18.2 kb in length and contain six genes corresponding to six structural proteins.
The Nipah virus has been classified by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention as a Category C agent. [24] Nipah virus is one of several viruses identified by WHO as a potential cause of future epidemics in a new plan developed after the Ebola epidemic for urgent research and development toward new diagnostic tests, vaccines and medicines.
Hendra virus (Hendra henipavirus) is a zoonotic virus found solely in Australia. First isolated in 1994, the virus has since been connected to numerous outbreaks of disease in domestic horses and seven human cases.
Nipah virus outbreaks have been reported in Malaysia, Singapore, Bangladesh and India. The area is known as the Nipah Belt. The highest mortality due to Nipah virus infection was found in Bangladesh, [citation needed] where outbreaks are typically seen in winter. [24] Nipah virus was first seen in 1998 in
Nipah virus Nipah is a henipavirus, the most lethal of paramyxoviruses . It was first identified in pigs in Malaysia and Singapore in the late 1980s, though its natural reservoir is fruit bats.
Both viruses are contagious, highly virulent, and capable of infecting a number of mammalian species and causing potentially fatal disease. Due to the lack of either a licensed human vaccine (a Hendra virus vaccine exists for horses) or antiviral therapies, Hendra virus and Nipah virus are designated as Biosafety level (BSL) 4 agents. The ...
Scientist detected 35 cases of Langya virus, a new henipavirus, over three years. No deaths or person to person transmission has been reported.
When these virus are spread to humans through zoonotic events they have been found to be one of the most deadly viruses with the capability to infect humans, with mortality rates between 50 and 100%. Therefore, these viruses have been classified as a biosafety level four (BSL-4) virus with regards to its pathogenesis when it infects humans. [1]