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Theta rhythm is prominent during part of awaking and REM sleep. Due to the density of its neural layers, the hippocampus generates some of the largest EEG signals of any brain structure. In some situations the EEG is dominated by regular waves at 4–10 Hz, often continuing for many seconds. This EEG pattern is known as the hippocampal theta ...
The local field potential theta rhythm is shown at the bottom in black. The action potentials of each cell occur earlier and earlier with respect to the theta peak on each successive cycle – this is phase precession. One consequence of this is that within a single theta cycle (blue-shaded rectangle, for example) the cells fire in the same ...
The theta-gamma code is a coupling between theta wave and gamma wave in the hippocampal network. During a theta wave, 4 to 8 non-overlapping neuron ensembles are activated in sequence. This has been hypothesized to form a neural code representing multiple items in a temporal frame [71] [72]
The other field state is that of the theta rhythm. The theta state is characterised by a steady slow oscillation of around 6–7 Hz. LIA has a predominantly lower oscillation frequency but contains some sharp spikes, called sharp waves [1] of a higher frequency than that of theta. [2]
Theta phase precession is a phenomenon observed in the hippocampus of rats and relates to the timing of neural spikes. [ 20 ] [ 21 ] When rats navigate around their environment, there are certain neurons in the hippocampus that fire (spike) when the animal is near a familiar landmark.
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The nucleus incertus itself presents theta oscillations coupled to the hippocampal theta rhythm. [8] In addition to hippocampal theta rhythms, the nucleus incertus is involved in the control of locomotor speed and arousal, [9] response to stress [3] and integrating the vestibulo-ocular reflex and gaze holding with hippocampal navigation. [6]