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In contrast, as the temperature tends to zero the impurity magnetic moment and one conduction electron moment bind very strongly to form an overall non-magnetic state. The Kondo effect can be considered as an example of asymptotic freedom, i.e. a situation where the coupling becomes non-perturbatively strong at low temperatures and low energies ...
In probability and statistics, a moment measure is a mathematical quantity, function or, more precisely, measure that is defined in relation to mathematical objects known as point processes, which are types of stochastic processes often used as mathematical models of physical phenomena representable as randomly positioned points in time, space or both.
Discrepancy theory can be described as the study of inevitable irregularities of distributions, in measure-theoretic and combinatorial settings. Just as Ramsey theory elucidates the impossibility of total disorder, discrepancy theory studies the deviations from total uniformity.
In quantum mechanics, superdeterminism is a loophole in Bell's theorem.By postulating that all systems being measured are correlated with the choices of which measurements to make on them, the assumptions of the theorem are no longer fulfilled.
In such universes Mach's principle can be stated as the distribution of matter and field energy-momentum (and possibly other information) at a particular moment in the universe determines the inertial frame at each point in the universe (where "a particular moment in the universe" refers to a chosen Cauchy surface). [7]: 188–207
The history of scientific method considers changes in the methodology of scientific inquiry, not the history of science itself. The development of rules for scientific reasoning has not been straightforward; scientific method has been the subject of intense and recurring debate throughout the history of science, and eminent natural philosophers and scientists have argued for the primacy of ...
Conjecture Field Comments Eponym(s) Cites 1/3–2/3 conjecture: order theory: n/a: 70 abc conjecture: number theory: ⇔Granville–Langevin conjecture, Vojta's conjecture in dimension 1 ⇒Erdős–Woods conjecture, Fermat–Catalan conjecture Formulated by David Masser and Joseph Oesterlé. [1] Proof claimed in 2012 by Shinichi Mochizuki: n/a ...
electric dipole moment A measure of the separation of positive and negative electric charges within an electrical system, i.e. a measure of the system's overall electrical polarity. The SI unit for measuring electric dipole moment is the coulomb-metre (C⋅m), but the debye (D), a non-SI unit, is also widely used in chemistry and atomic physics.