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Self-experimentation has a long and well-documented history in medicine which continues to the present day. [ 3 ] For example, after failed attempts to infect piglets in 1984, Barry Marshall drank a petri dish of Helicobacter pylori from a patient, and soon developed gastritis, achlorhydria , stomach discomfort, nausea, vomiting, and halitosis ...
Self-experimentation has value in rapidly obtaining the first results. In some cases, such as with Forssmann's experiments done in defiance of official permission, results may be obtained that would never otherwise have come to light. However, self-experiment lacks the statistical validity of a larger experiment.
Through self-experimentation, he set out to solve this problem by varying aspects of his lifestyle, like exercise and calcium intake. [8] After many failures to see an improvement in his sleep, he eventually discovered that delaying breakfast, seeing faces in the morning, morning light, and standing solved this problem. [ 9 ]
One prominent example is the "ball and ramp experiment." [ 13 ] In this experiment Galileo used an inclined plane and several steel balls of different weights. With this design, Galileo was able to slow down the falling motion and record, with reasonable accuracy, the times at which a steel ball passed certain markings on a beam. [ 14 ]
The editorial introducing the focus theme is titled "Single Subject (N-of-1) Research Design, Data Processing, and Personal Science" [3] is co-authored by Gary Wolf, who together with Kevin Kelly coined the phrase the quantified self. In the editorial, personal science was described as "self-directed N-of-1 studies".
Experimental psychology refers to work done by those who apply experimental methods to psychological study and the underlying processes. Experimental psychologists employ human participants and animal subjects to study a great many topics, including (among others) sensation, perception, memory, cognition, learning, motivation, emotion; developmental processes, social psychology, and the neural ...
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Moreover, Washburn's dual role as both subject and researcher could have introduced bias into the subjective reporting of hunger sensations. This potential for bias is a common criticism of self-experimentation, which, while common in early 20th-century research, raises ethical and methodological concerns by modern standards. [18]