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In 1521 he reaches the Marianas and then the island of Homonhon in the Philippines. Some time after, Magellan is killed in what is known as the Battle of Mactan. The rest of the crew sails to Palawan (Philippines), and then to Brunei and Borneo. They then reach Tidore in the Maluku Islands avoiding the Portuguese.
During the period of the south Indian Pallava dynasty and the north Indian Gupta Empire, Indian culture spread to Southeast Asia and the Philippines that led to the establishment of Indianized kingdoms. [69] [70] The date inscribed in the oldest Philippine document found so far, the Laguna Copperplate Inscription, is 900 CE.
Chinese exploration includes exploratory Chinese travels abroad, on land and by sea, from the travels of Han dynasty diplomat Zhang Qian into Central Asia during the 2nd century BC until the Ming dynasty treasure voyages of the 15th century that crossed the Indian Ocean and reached as far as East Africa.
The first documented European contact with the Philippines was made in 1521 by Ferdinand Magellan in his circumnavigation expedition, [1] during which he was killed in the Battle of Mactan. Forty-four years later, a Spanish expedition led by Miguel López de Legazpi left modern Mexico and began the Spanish conquest of the Philippines in the ...
Journal of European Economic History (2002): 9+ online. Gordon, Peter. The Silver Way: China, Spanish America and the Birth of Globalisation, 1565-1815 (Penguin 2017), 100pp excerpt; Hung, Ho-fung. "Imperial China and capitalist Europe in the eighteenth-century global economy." Review (Fernand Braudel Center) 24#4 (2001): 473–513. online
In the aftermath of World War II, European colonies, controlling more than one billion people throughout the world, still ruled most of the Middle East, South East Asia, and the Indian Subcontinent. However, the image of European pre-eminence was shattered by the wartime Japanese occupations of large portions of British, French, and Dutch ...
Geoff Wade, a senior research fellow at the Asia Research Institute of the National University of Singapore, acknowledges that there was a cross exchange of technological ideas between Europe and China, but ultimately classifies Menzies' book as historical fiction and asserts that there is "absolutely no Chinese evidence" for a maritime venture ...
The economic development of China and Japan: studies in economic history and political economy (1964) online free to borrow; Hansen, Valerie. The Silk Road: A New History (Oxford University Press, 2012). Jones, Eric. The European miracle: environments, economies and geopolitics in the history of Europe and Asia. (Cambridge UP, 2003). Lockwood ...