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Bone marrow failure in both children and adults can be either inherited or acquired. Inherited bone marrow failure is often the cause in young children, while older children and adults may acquire the disease later in life. [3] Acquired bone marrow failure may be due to aplastic anemia [4] or myelodysplastic syndrome.
Osteopetrosis, literally ' stone bone ', also known as marble bone disease or Albers-Schönberg disease, is an extremely rare inherited disorder whereby the bones harden, becoming denser, in contrast to more prevalent conditions like osteoporosis, in which the bones become less dense and more brittle, or osteomalacia, in which the bones soften ...
Bone marrow is a semi-solid tissue found within the spongy (also known as cancellous) portions of bones. [2] In birds and mammals, bone marrow is the primary site of new blood cell production (or haematopoiesis). [3] It is composed of hematopoietic cells, marrow adipose tissue, and supportive stromal cells.
Normal bone marrow has 30–70% blood stem cells, but in aplastic anemia, these cells are mostly gone and are replaced by fat. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] First-line treatment for aplastic anemia consists of immunosuppressive drugs —typically either anti-lymphocyte globulin or anti-thymocyte globulin —combined with corticosteroids , chemotherapy , and ...
Bone marrow suppression also known as myelotoxicity or myelosuppression, is the decrease in production of cells responsible for providing immunity , carrying oxygen (erythrocytes), and/or those responsible for normal blood clotting (thrombocytes). [1]
Most initial symptoms of leukemia are related to problems with the bone-marrow function. There are a variety of symptoms that children may experience. The symptoms tend to appear quickly in acute leukemia and slowly over time in chronic leukemia. [1] Symptoms in the different types of childhood leukemia include: feelings of fatigue or weakness
Sideroblastic anemia or sideroachrestic anemia is a disease in which the bone marrow produces ringed sideroblasts rather than healthy red blood cells (erythrocytes). [58] It may be caused either by a genetic disorder or indirectly as part of myelodysplastic syndrome. [59] Southeast Asian ovalocytosis: D58.1: 9416
Dysplasia can affect all three lineages seen in the bone marrow. The best way to diagnose dysplasia is by morphology and special stains used on the bone marrow aspirate and peripheral blood smear. Dysplasia in the myeloid series is defined by: Granulocytic series [citation needed]: