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  2. Stress in early childhood - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stress_in_early_childhood

    Since brain circuits are vulnerable in early childhood, early stressors may impact the development of necessary brain connections. [4] Therefore, the theory of toxic stress is that stress might alter or impair brain circuit formation and essentially result in a small brain size in young children. [4]

  3. Papez circuit - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papez_circuit

    The Papez circuit / p eɪ p z /, [1] [2] [unreliable source?] [3] or medial limbic circuit, is a neural circuit for the control of emotional expression. In 1937, James Papez proposed that the circuit connecting the hypothalamus to the limbic lobe was the basis for emotional experiences.

  4. Reward system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reward_system

    The reward system (the mesocorticolimbic circuit) is a group of neural structures responsible for incentive salience (i.e., "wanting"; desire or craving for a reward and motivation), associative learning (primarily positive reinforcement and classical conditioning), and positively-valenced emotions, particularly ones involving pleasure as a core component (e.g., joy, euphoria and ecstasy).

  5. Limbic resonance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limbic_resonance

    Limbic resonance is the idea that the capacity for sharing deep emotional states arises from the limbic system of the brain. [1] These states include the dopamine circuit-promoted feelings of empathic harmony, and the norepinephrine circuit-originated emotional states of fear, anxiety and anger.

  6. Cortico-basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical loop - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cortico-basal_ganglia-th...

    A motor circuit originating in the supplementary motor area, motor cortex, and somatosensory cortex, which in turn projects to the putamen, which projects to the ventrolateral GPi and caudolateral SNr, before returning to the cortex via the ventralis lateralis pars oralis and ventralis lateralis pars medialis.

  7. Binding problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binding_problem

    The consciousness and binding problem is the problem of how objects, background, and abstract or emotional features are combined into a single experience. [1] The binding problem refers to the overall encoding of our brain circuits for the combination of decisions, actions, and perception.

  8. 22 health care predictions for 2025 from medical researchers

    www.aol.com/22-health-care-predictions-2025...

    2024 was packed with health care innovations, from a new blood test detecting Alzheimer’s disease to deep brain stimulation reversing paralysis. Heading into the New Year, medical experts are ...

  9. Anterior cingulate cortex - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anterior_cingulate_cortex

    The anterior cingulate cortex can be divided anatomically based on cognitive , and emotional components. [5] The dorsal part of the ACC is connected with the prefrontal cortex and parietal cortex , as well as the motor system and the frontal eye fields , [ 6 ] making it a central station for processing top-down and bottom-up stimuli and ...