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The economy of South Africa is the largest economy in Africa, it is a mixed economy, emerging market, and upper-middle-income economy, one of only eight such countries in Africa. [ 31 ] [ 32 ] [ 33 ] The economy is the most industrialised, technologically advanced, and diversified in Africa. [ 34 ]
The energy crisis has significantly limited economic growth in South Africa thereby preventing the country from resolving high rates of unemployment. [ 27 ] [ 125 ] The power shortage is estimated to have reduced economic growth in 2021 by 3% thereby costing the country an estimated 350,000 potential new jobs for that year alone. [ 27 ]
In South Africa, this idea is known as the first (capitalist, high-profit industries) and second (underdeveloped) economies. [4] The first economy contributes to the majority of South Africa's wealth and is integrated within the world economy. The second economy consists of low-skilled and outdated jobs.
According to the World Bank, South Africa is the most economically unequal country in the world [citation needed]. The difference between the wealthy and the poor in South Africa has been increasing steadily since the end of apartheid in 1994, and this inequality is closely linked to racial divisions in society.
The first evidence of pottery and agriculture in South Africa can be found in the period of 350-150 BCE, while metals date back to the 52-252 CE period. [4] The earliest occurrence of cattle farming was in the 5th century CE and the Iron Age reached modern-day Kwa-Zulu Natal around 700 CE.
Corruption in South Africa includes the improper use of public resources for private ends, including bribery and improper favouritism. [1] Corruption was at its highest during the period of state capture under the presidency of Jacob Zuma and has remained widespread, negatively "affecting criminal justice, service provision, economic opportunity, social cohesion and political integrity" in ...
The societal norms, economic disparities, and systemic challenges that perpetuate gender inequality and discrimination are deep-rooted issues. The situation in South Africa is challenging as society still follows a patriarchal and stereotypical mindset and has cultural and traditional norms that may restrict women from having superior and ...
Land reform in South Africa is the promise of "land restitution" to empower farm workers (who now have the opportunity to become farmers) and reduce inequality. This also refers to aspects such as, property, possibly white-owned businesses. [ 1 ]