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Central cyanosis occurs due to decrease in arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2), and begins to show once the concentration of deoxyhemoglobin in the blood reaches a concentration of ≥ 5.0 g/dL (≥ 3.1 mmol/L or oxygen saturation of ≤ 85%). [4] This indicates a cardiopulmonary condition. [1] Causes of central cyanosis are discussed below.
Traumatic asphyxia is characterized by cyanosis in the upper extremities, neck, and head as well as petechiae in the conjunctiva. Patients can also display jugular venous distention and facial edema. [3] Associated injuries include pulmonary contusion, myocardial contusion, hemo/pneumothorax, and broken ribs. [4] [5]
Early symptoms include headache, dizziness, fast heart rate, shortness of breath, and vomiting. [2] This phase may then be followed by seizures, slow heart rate, low blood pressure, loss of consciousness, and cardiac arrest. [2] Onset of symptoms usually occurs within a few minutes. [2] [3] Some survivors have long-term neurological problems. [2]
Acrocyanosis may be a sign of a more serious medical problem, such as connective tissue diseases and diseases associated with central cyanosis. Other causative conditions include infections, toxicities, antiphospholipid syndrome, cryoglobulinemia, neoplasms. In these cases, the observed cutaneous changes are known as "secondary acrocyanosis".
Signs and symptoms of methemoglobinemia (methemoglobin level above 10%) include shortness of breath, cyanosis, mental status changes (~50%), headache, fatigue, exercise intolerance, dizziness, and loss of consciousness. [5] People with severe methemoglobinemia (methemoglobin level above 50%) may exhibit seizures, coma, and death (level above 70 ...
Signs of complete obstruction include choking with inability to speak or absence of bilateral breath sounds among other signs of respiratory distress such as cyanosis. [2] A fever may be present. When this is the case, it is possible the object may be chemically irritating or contaminated.
neurological symptoms caused by biochemical lesions of the central nervous system after exhaustion of B-vitamin reserves, in particular thiamine: Wernicke–Korsakoff syndrome: Carl Wernicke, Sergei Korsakoff: neurology, psychiatry: Wernicke encephalopathy, Korsakoff syndrome: combined presence of Wernicke encephalopathy (WE) and Korsakoff ...
In contrast, peripheral cyanosis typically has a blueish discoloration over the extremities. Cyanosis can be noted in babies around the lips, tongue, and sublingual area, where the skin is thinnest. [30] In addition, it is important to observe the infant for signs of respiratory distress, visualized as nasal flaring, subcostal retractions, etc ...