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Cancer prevention is the practice of taking active measures to decrease the incidence of cancer and mortality. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The practice of prevention depends on both individual efforts to improve lifestyle and seek preventive screening , and socioeconomic or public policy related to cancer prevention. [ 3 ]
Medications can be used to prevent cancer in a few circumstances. [142] In the general population, NSAIDs reduce the risk of colorectal cancer; however, due to cardiovascular and gastrointestinal side effects, they cause overall harm when used for prevention. [143] Aspirin has been found to reduce the risk of death from cancer by about 7%. [144]
Similarly, cancer vaccines can be designed to target common antigens before cancer evolves if an individual has appropriate risk factors. Additional preventive applications include preventing the cancer from evolving further or undergoing metastasis and preventing relapse after remission. Therapeutic vaccines focus on killing existing tumors.
Cervical cancer death rates in the U.S. are declining due to regular screening, but Black and Hispanic women still face disproportionately high risks. Cervical cancer continues to be a leading ...
Both smoking and second-hand exposure from other smokers can lead to lung cancer and eventually death. [54] Prevention of tobacco use is paramount to prevention of lung cancer. Individual, community, and statewide interventions can prevent or cease tobacco use. 90% of adults in the U.S. who have ever smoked did so prior to the age of 20.
Prophylactic salpingectomy is the surgical removal of the Fallopian tube which, when done as a preventive measure, may be done to prevent pregnancies as a form of contraception, or as a method to prevent cancer. Women who underwent prophylactic salpingectomy have shown to have a lower incidence of ovarian cancer compared to women who have not ...
Colorectal cancer (bowel cancer, colon cancer) caused 51,783 deaths in the US in 2011. [17] About 80 percent [18] of colorectal cancers begin as benign growths, commonly called polyps, which can be easily detected and removed during a colonoscopy. Accordingly, the tabulated figure assumes that 80 percent of the fatal cancers could have been ...
Through advances in cancer research, vaccines designed to prevent cancer have been created. The hepatitis B vaccine is the first vaccine that has been established to prevent cancer ( hepatocellular carcinoma ) by preventing infection with the causative virus.