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The troubled teen industry has a precursor in the drug rehabilitation program called Synanon, founded in 1958 by Charles Dederich. [11] By the late 1970s, Synanon had developed into a cult and adopted a resolution proclaiming the Synanon Religion, with Dederich as the highest spiritual authority, allowing the organization to qualify as tax-exempt under US law.
Natalie Beck and Jennifer Wong in their 2020 paper "A Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Wilderness Therapy on Delinquent Behaviors Among Youth" offer three models of wilderness therapy: an expedition model, generally lasting for less than 8 weeks; a base camp model, where clients stay at a central location but engage in "short wilderness excursions"; and a long-term model, where clients engage ...
Teenagers have been participating in tough love behavior modification programs by force or coercion since the 1960s. [4] Many of these programs take place in the wilderness in the style of military recruit training (also known as boot camps) and the teenagers are subjected to rigid discipline, including mandatory marches, physical abuse, solitary confinement, and deprivation of food and sleep.
Youth organizations in the United States are of many different types. The largest is the government run 4-H program, followed by the federally chartered but private Scouting movement groups: the Boy Scouts of America (BSA) and the Girl Scouts of the USA (GSUSA).
The U.S. Government Accountability Office Report has reported on negligence at residential treatment programs including wilderness therapy, boot camps, and academies: GAO reviewed thousands of allegations of abuse, some of which involved death, at residential treatment programs across the country and in American-owned and American-operated ...
The film focuses on the 'Challenger Wilderness Therapy Programme' founded by Steve Cartisano. The programme includes a 63-day and 500-mile hike through deserts of Utah , wherein several troubled teens are sent by their parents to join, leading to disastrous results.
The program of the Girl Scouts of the USA is administered through local councils. Each council covers a geographic area of the United States , that may vary in size from a single U.S. county to multiple U.S. states .
Girl Scouts of the United States of America (GSUSA), commonly referred to as Girl Scouts, is a youth organization for girls in the United States and American girls living abroad. [2] It was founded by Juliette Gordon Low in 1912, a year after she had met Robert Baden-Powell , the founder of Scouting [ 3 ] (formally Boy Scouts).