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Spain is a diverse country integrated by contrasting entities with varying economic and social structures, languages, and historical, political and cultural traditions. [1] [2] The Spanish constitution responds ambiguously to the claims of historic nationalities (such as the right of self-government) while proclaiming a common and indivisible homeland of all Spaniards.
Among the Spanish population as a whole, Spanish is spoken by 98.9%, and 23.3% speak Catalan/Valencian (17.5% speak Catalan and 5.8% speak Valencian), 6.2% speak Galician and 3,0% speak Basque. [23] Valencian and Catalan are regarded by most linguists and the European Union as the same language.
Nationalities of Spain can refer to: Nationalities and regions of Spain, for constitutional designation of certain subnational political entities; National and regional identity in Spain, for political movements and ideologies; Spanish nationality law; Spaniards or Spanish people, a national term for people from any part of Spain
Spaniards, [a] or Spanish people, are a people native to Spain.Within Spain, there are a number of national and regional ethnic identities that reflect the country's complex history, including a number of different languages, both indigenous and local linguistic descendants of the Roman-imposed Latin language, of which Spanish is the largest and the only one that is official throughout the ...
The Spanish nationality legal framework refers to all the laws, provisions, regulations, and resolutions in Spain concerning nationality.. Article 11 of the First Title of the Spanish Constitution refers to Spanish nationality and establishes that a separate law is to regulate how it is acquired and lost. [1]
Spanish names are the traditional way of identifying, and the official way of registering, a person in Spain. They are composed of a given name (simple or composite) [a] and two surnames (the first surname of each parent). Traditionally, the first surname is the father's first surname, and the second is the mother's first surname.
Historical (autonomous) communities (Spanish: comunidades históricas) or historical nationalities, referred to those Spanish regions that had voted for and approved a Statute of Autonomy before the unsuccessful military coup-d'état against the Second Spanish Republic that led to the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939); namely, those autonomous ...
As of 2024, there were 8,915,831 foreign-born people in Spain, making up to 18.31% of the Spanish population [41] Of these, 6,581,028 (13.51%) didn't have Spanish citizenship. [42] [43] This makes Spain one of the world's preferred destinations to immigrate to, being the 4th country in Europe by immigration numbers and the 10th worldwide.