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A compartment space is anatomically determined by an unyielding fascial (and osseous) enclosure of the muscles.The anterior compartment syndrome of the lower leg (often referred to simply as anterior compartment syndrome), can affect any and all four muscles of that compartment: tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus, and peroneus tertius.
It arises at the anterior aspect of the ankle joint and is a continuation of the anterior tibial artery. [1] [2] It ends at the proximal part of the first intermetatarsal space. Here, it divides into two branches, the first dorsal metatarsal artery, and the deep plantar artery. [2] It is covered by skin and fascia, but is fairly superficial. [2]
The limb affected by compartment syndrome is often associated with a firm, wooden feeling or a deep palpation, and is usually described as feeling tight. [5] [9] There may also be decreased pulses in the limb, poikilothermia, paralysis, and pallor along with associated paresthesia. [15] Usually, the pain cannot be relieved by NSAIDs. [16]
The anterior tibial artery is a branch of the popliteal artery. [1] It originates at the distal end of the popliteus muscle posterior to the tibia. The artery typically passes anterior to the popliteus muscle prior to passing between the tibia and fibula through an oval opening at the superior aspect of the interosseus membrane.
Between it and the tibialis anterior are the upper portions of the anterior tibial vessels and deep peroneal nerve. The muscle passes under the superior and inferior extensor retinaculum of foot in company with the fibularis tertius , and divides into four slips, which run forward on the dorsum of the foot, and are inserted into the second and ...
It courses through the popliteal fossa and ends at the lower border of the popliteus muscle, where it branches into the anterior and posterior tibial arteries. The deepest (most anterior) structure in the fossa, the popliteal artery runs close to the joint capsule of the knee as it spans the intercondylar fossa. Five genicular branches of the ...
The popliteus muscle in the leg is used for unlocking the knees when walking, by laterally rotating the femur on the tibia during the closed chain portion of the gait cycle (one with the foot in contact with the ground). In open chain movements (when the involved limb is not in contact with the ground), the popliteus muscle medially rotates the ...
The popliteal vein is formed by the junction of the venae comitantes of the anterior tibial vein and the posterior tibial vein at the lower border of the popliteus muscle. It travels on the medial side of the popliteal artery. [1] It is superficial to the popliteal artery. [2]