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In eyewitness identification, in criminal law, evidence is received from a witness "who has actually seen an event and can so testify in court". [1]The Innocence Project states that "Eyewitness misidentification is the single greatest cause of wrongful convictions nationwide, playing a role in more than 75% of convictions overturned through DNA testing."
Another area of interest for Lindsay includes identification procedures for use with children's eyewitness memory. The purpose of the studies conducted by Joanna D. Pozzulo and Lindsay was to examine identification accuracy of children and adults in a meta-analysis. Traditionally, children are not viewed as competent witnesses compared to ...
For all exonerations listed in the original 873 cases identified, the most common were perjury or false accusation (51%), mistaken witness identification (43%), official misconduct (i.e., by police, prosecutors, or judges), false or misleading forensic evidence (24%) and false confession (16%).
It is evident that misidentification is not uncommon with police lineups. In a study published by the Association for Psychological Science, scientists discovered that in a group of 349 people that had been exonerated with DNA evidence, 258 of these people (roughly 3 out of every 4) were involved in mistaken eyewitness identification. [24]
She wrote in a report that mistaken eyewitness identification was faulted for nearly 80% of wrongful convictions in the first 200 cases overturned by DNA evidence.
The Innocence Project was established in the wake of a study by the U.S. Department of Justice and U.S. Senate, in conjunction with Yeshiva University's Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law, which claimed that incorrect identification by eyewitnesses was a factor in over 70% of wrongful convictions.
Researchers know better ways to get accurate information from child witnesses. FatCamera/E+ via Getty ImagesEyewitness memory has come under a lot of scrutiny in recent years, as organizations ...
Manson v. Brathwaite, 432 U.S. 98 (1977) was a case decided by the Supreme Court of the United States in 1977. [1] The decision touched on the exclusionary rule in state criminal proceedings. [1] The Supreme Court held that the identification procedures used against Brathwaite did not violate the Constitution of the United States. [1]