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A discrete dynamical system, discrete-time dynamical system is a tuple (T, M, Φ), where M is a manifold locally diffeomorphic to a Banach space, and Φ is a function. When T is taken to be the integers, it is a cascade or a map. If T is restricted to the non-negative integers we call the system a semi-cascade. [13]
From a physical point of view, continuous dynamical systems is a generalization of classical mechanics, a generalization where the equations of motion are postulated directly and are not constrained to be Euler–Lagrange equations of a least action principle. When difference equations are employed, the theory is called discrete dynamical systems.
In mathematics, symbolic dynamics is the study of dynamical systems defined on a discrete space consisting of infinite sequences of abstract symbols. The evolution of the dynamical system is defined as a simple shift of the sequence. Because of their explicit, discrete nature, such systems are often relatively easy to characterize and understand.
The ergodic theory of dynamical systems has recently been used to prove combinatorial theorems about number theory which has given rise to the field of arithmetic combinatorics. Also dynamical systems theory is heavily involved in the relatively recent field of combinatorics on words. Also combinatorial aspects of dynamical systems are studied.
For discrete dynamical systems, consider the system + = (,). Then a local bifurcation occurs at (,) if the matrix , has an eigenvalue with modulus equal to one. If the eigenvalue is equal to one, the bifurcation is either a saddle-node (often called fold bifurcation in maps), transcritical or pitchfork bifurcation.
In control engineering, a discrete-event dynamic system (DEDS) is a discrete-state, event-driven system of which the state evolution depends entirely on the occurrence of asynchronous discrete events over time.
A period-halving bifurcation occurs when a system switches to a new behavior with half the period of the original system. A period-doubling cascade is an infinite sequence of period-doubling bifurcations. Such cascades are one route by which dynamical systems can develop chaos. [1] In hydrodynamics, they are one of the possible routes to ...
Download as PDF; Printable version ... In the theory of dynamical systems, the exponential map can be used as the evolution function of the discrete nonlinear ...