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An S corporation (or S Corp), for United States federal income tax, is a closely held corporation (or, in some cases, a limited liability company (LLC) or a partnership) that makes a valid election to be taxed under Subchapter S of Chapter 1 of the Internal Revenue Code. [1] In general, S corporations do not pay any income taxes.
To ensure that shareholders pay tax on dividends, two withholding tax provisions may apply: withholding tax on foreign shareholders, and "backup withholding" on certain domestic shareholders. Corporations must file tax returns in all U.S. jurisdictions imposing an income tax. Such returns are a self-assessment of tax.
In order to receive the tax benefit of a dividends received deduction, a corporate shareholder must hold all shares of the distributing corporation's stock for a period of more than 45 days. Per §246(c)(1)(A), a dividends received deduction is denied under §243 with respect to any share of stock that is held by the taxpayer for 45 days or less.
The tax rate varies from country to country and is usually calculated as a percentage of the corporation's net income or capital. Corporate tax rates may also differ for domestic and foreign corporations. Many countries have tax laws that require corporations to pay taxes on their worldwide income, regardless of where the income is earned.
This summary is based largely on the summary provided by the Congressional Research Service, a public domain source. [1]The Permanent S Corporation Built-in Gains Recognition Period Act of 2014 would amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to reduce from 10 to 5 years the period during which the built-in gains of an S corporation are subject to tax and to make such reduction permanent.
In the United States, an S corporation is limited to 100 shareholders, [b] and all of them must be U.S. tax residents. [c] An LLC may have an unlimited number of members, and there is no citizenship restriction. Much less administrative paperwork and record-keeping than a corporation.
Dividend tax is a tax on dividends paid to shareholders of a company. Excess profits tax is a tax on unusually high profits levied on a corporation. This was largely levied in the United States in times of war to prevent war profiteering, but has been proposed at other times. Flat tax, an income tax where everyone pays the same tax rate.
In Pakistan income tax of 10% as required by the Income Tax Ordinace, 2001 on the amount of dividend is deducted at source. A surcharge of 15% on income tax is withheld and will be duly paid by the company to Government of Pakistan as per Income Tax (Amendment) Ordinance, 2011. In Poland there is a tax of 19% on dividends.
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