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  2. Mitosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitosis

    The mitosis process in the cells of eukaryotic organisms follows a similar pattern, but with variations in three main details. "Closed" and "open" mitosis can be distinguished on the basis of nuclear envelope remaining intact or breaking down. An intermediate form with partial degradation of the nuclear envelope is called "semiopen" mitosis.

  3. DNA - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA

    Deoxyribonucleic acid (/ d iː ˈ ɒ k s ɪ ˌ r aɪ b oʊ nj uː ˌ k l iː ɪ k,-ˌ k l eɪ-/ ⓘ; [1] DNA) is a polymer composed of two polynucleotide chains that coil around each other to form a double helix. The polymer carries genetic instructions for the development, functioning, growth and reproduction of all known organisms and many ...

  4. Neuronal cell cycle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuronal_cell_cycle

    The process by which cells divide into two daughter cells is called mitosis. Once these cells are formed they enter G1, the phase in which many of the proteins needed to replicate DNA are made. After G1, the cells enter S phase during which the DNA is replicated.

  5. Cell division - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_division

    In general, mitosis (division of the nucleus) is preceded by the S stage of interphase (during which the DNA replication occurs) and is followed by telophase and cytokinesis; which divides the cytoplasm, organelles, and cell membrane of one cell into two new cells containing roughly equal shares of these cellular components.

  6. G0 phase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G0_phase

    G 0 is now known to take different forms and occur for multiple reasons. For example, most adult neuronal cells, among the most metabolically active cells in the body, are fully differentiated and reside in a terminal G 0 phase. Neurons reside in this state, not because of stochastic or limited nutrient supply, but as a part of their ...

  7. Chromosome segregation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosome_segregation

    Chromosome segregation is the process in eukaryotes by which two sister chromatids formed as a consequence of DNA replication, or paired homologous chromosomes, separate from each other and migrate to opposite poles of the nucleus. This segregation process occurs during both mitosis and meiosis. Chromosome segregation also occurs in prokaryotes ...

  8. G1 phase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G1_phase

    G 1 phase together with the S phase and G 2 phase comprise the long growth period of the cell cycle cell division called interphase that takes place before cell division in mitosis (M phase). [1] During G 1 phase, the cell grows in size and synthesizes mRNA and protein that are required for DNA synthesis. Once the required proteins and growth ...

  9. Sister chromatids - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sister_chromatids

    In mitosis, the sister chromatids separate into the daughter cells, but are now referred to as chromosomes (rather than chromatids) much in the way that one child is not referred to as a single twin. Schematic karyogram of a human, showing a diploid set of chromosomes as seen in the G 0 and G 1 phases of the cell cycle (before DNA synthesis ...