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cat is a standard Unix utility that reads files sequentially, writing them to standard output. The name is derived from its function to (con) cat enate files (from Latin catenare , "to chain"). [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It has been ported to a number of operating systems.
The GNU Core Utilities or coreutils is a package of GNU software containing implementations for many of the basic tools, such as cat, ls, and rm, which are used on Unix-like operating systems. In September 2002, the GNU coreutils were created by merging the earlier packages textutils , shellutils , and fileutils , along with some other ...
Shell programming Mandatory Shell, the standard command language interpreter Version 7 AT&T UNIX (in earlier versions, sh was either the Thompson shell or the PWB shell) sleep: Shell programming Mandatory Suspend execution for an interval Version 4 AT&T UNIX sort: Text processing Mandatory Sort, merge, or sequence check text files Version 1 AT ...
Bash can execute the vast majority of Bourne shell scripts without modification, with the exception of Bourne shell scripts stumbling into fringe syntax behavior interpreted differently in Bash or attempting to run a system command matching a newer Bash builtin, etc. Bash command syntax includes ideas drawn from the Korn Shell (ksh) and the C ...
Editing a FreeBSD shell script for configuring ipfirewall. A shell script is a computer program designed to be run by a Unix shell, a command-line interpreter. [1] The various dialects of shell scripts are considered to be command languages. Typical operations performed by shell scripts include file manipulation, program execution, and printing ...
According to the Open Group Base Specifications, IFS is an abbreviation for "input field separators." [1] A newer version of this specification mentions that "this name is misleading as the IFS characters are actually used as field terminators."
The lack of an interpreter directive, but support for shell scripts, is apparent in the documentation from Version 7 Unix in 1979, [27] which describes instead a facility of the Bourne shell where files with execute permission would be handled specially by the shell, which would (sometimes depending on initial characters in the script, such as ...
In shells derived from csh (the C shell), the syntax instead appends the & (ampersand) character to the redirect characters, thus achieving a similar result. The reason for this is to distinguish between a file named '1' and stdout, i.e. cat file 2 >1 vs cat file 2 > & 1.