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In this case, a primitive element is also called a primitive root modulo q. For example, 2 is a primitive element of the field GF(3) and GF(5), but not of GF(7) since it generates the cyclic subgroup {2, 4, 1} of order 3; however, 3 is a primitive element of GF(7). The minimal polynomial of a primitive element is a primitive polynomial.
Numeric literals in Python are of the normal sort, e.g. 0, -1, 3.4, 3.5e-8. Python has arbitrary-length integers and automatically increases their storage size as necessary. Prior to Python 3, there were two kinds of integral numbers: traditional fixed size integers and "long" integers of arbitrary size.
In probability theory and statistics, a unit root is a feature of some stochastic processes (such as random walks) that can cause problems in statistical inference involving time series models. A linear stochastic process has a unit root if 1 is a root of the process's characteristic equation .
After the root element, there may be further optional comments, processing instructions and whitespace within the document. [5] Within the root element, apart from any number of attributes and other elements, there may also be more optional text, comments, processing instructions and whitespace.
More Fermentation, Fewer (Tummy) Problems. Fermentation has long been praised for its benefits on gut health, and you're more likely to encounter these benefits when leaving the U.S. for more ...
WORCESTER, Mass. – Local police in this central Massachusetts city used excessive force and engaged in “outrageous” sexual contact with women during undercover operations, a two-year civil ...
On 21 March 2017, the PyPy project released version 5.7 of both PyPy and PyPy3, with the latter introducing beta-quality support for Python 3.5. [24] On 26 April 2018, version 6.0 was released, with support for Python 2.7 and 3.5 (still beta-quality on Windows). [25] On 11 February 2019, version 7.0 was released, with support for Python 2.7 and ...
A new study found that Americans 40 and older could live over five years longer if they exercised as much as the top 25% of the population. Here's what to know.