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In food production, propionate is a common preservative due to its ability to inhibit bacterial and fungal growth and its classification as safe for consumption. Swiss cheese is a food where propionate fermentation is commonly used for its unique flavor profile. [4] The production of propionate currently relies on processes that are not cost ...
Propionic acid inhibits the growth of mold and some bacteria at levels between 0.1 and 1% by weight. As a result, some propionic acid produced is consumed as a preservative for both animal feed and food for human consumption. For animal feed, it is used either directly or as its ammonium salt. This application accounts for about half of the ...
It is used in several products, which include: fertilizers, water treatment chemicals, and plant protection products. It is also used in different areas, such as: manufacturing, forestry, agriculture, and fishing. [1] It also serves as an antiseptic, antifungal agent, antimould agent, and preservative in feed industry or food industry. [2]
Therefore, some people are urging that sulfur dioxide be banned as a preservative and food additive, in wine and other food and beverages. [10] Propionic acid, which is also used as a preservative, has also been shown to be carcinogenic in rodents. [8] However, there are currently only two ways to minimize the health threat of sulfur dioxide. [10]
Members of the genus Propionibacterium are widely used in the production of vitamin B 12, tetrapyrrole compounds, and propionic acid, as well as in the probiotics and cheese industries. [7] The strain Propionibacterium freudenreichii subsp. shermanii is used in cheesemaking to create CO 2 bubbles that become "eyes"—round holes in the cheese. [8]
It is also used in the production of some antimalarial drugs including pyrimethamine. [6] Ethyl propionate can be synthesized by the Fischer esterification of ethanol and propionic acid: CH 3 CH 2 OH + CH 3 CH 2 CO 2 H → CH 3 CH 2 O 2 CCH 2 CH 3 + H 2 O. It participates in condensation reactions by virtue of the weakly acidic methylene group. [7]
It is used as a food preservative and is represented by the food labeling E number E281 in Europe; it is used primarily as a mold inhibitor in bakery products. It is approved for use as a food additive in the EU, [ 2 ] USA [ 3 ] and Australia and New Zealand [ 4 ] (where it is listed by its INS number 281).
As a food additive, it is listed as E number 282 in the Codex Alimentarius. Calcium propionate is used as a preservative in a wide variety of products, including: bread, other baked goods, processed meat, whey, and other dairy products. [2] In agriculture, it is used, amongst other things, to prevent milk fever in cows and as a feed supplement. [3]