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An increase in impulsivity, risk taking or both is often seen in individuals following frontal lobe damage.The two related terms differ in that impulsivity is a response disinhibition, while risk taking is related to the reward-based aspects of decision-making. [7]
Contrecoup contusions are particularly common in the lower part of the frontal lobes and the front part of the temporal lobes. [4] Injuries that occur in body parts other than the brain, such as the lens of the eye, [2] the lung, [14] and the skull [15] may also result from concussion.
The first case study on Phineas Gage's head injury is one of the most astonishing brain injuries in history. In 1848, Phineas Gage was paving way for a new railroad line when he encountered an accidental explosion of a tamping iron straight through his frontal lobe.
Frontal lobe syndrome can be caused by a range of conditions including head trauma, tumours, neurodegenerative diseases, neurodevelopmental disorders, neurosurgery and cerebrovascular disease. Frontal lobe impairment can be detected by recognition of typical signs and symptoms, use of simple screening tests, and specialist neurological testing.
Frontal release signs are primitive reflexes traditionally held to be a sign of disorders that affect the frontal lobes. The appearance of such signs reflects the area of brain dysfunction rather than a specific disorder which may be diffuse, such as a dementia, or localised, such as a tumor.
Phineas P. Gage (1823–1860) was an American railroad construction foreman remembered for his improbable: 19 survival of an accident in which a large iron rod was driven completely through his head, destroying much of his brain's left frontal lobe, and for that injury's reported effects on his personality and behavior over the remaining 12 years of his life—effects sufficiently ...
Only one case of gourmand syndrome has been reported in a child. He was born with issues with his right temporal lobe. At eight years old he began to experience seizures. Within a year of the seizures beginning, his behavior began exhibit symptoms of gourmand syndrome. [2]
A penetrating head injury, or open head injury, is a head injury in which the dura mater, the outer layer of the meninges, is breached. [1] Penetrating injury can be caused by high-velocity projectiles or objects of lower velocity such as knives, or bone fragments from a skull fracture that are driven into the brain.